Human Papilloma Virus In Male Infertility

Overview

Infertility is a major health problem worldwide and is estimated to affect 8-12% of couples in the reproductive age group. Infertility affects both men and women. Male causes for infertility are found in 50% of these couples. HPV may infect the semen ,allowing it to affect male fertility in a variety of ways.

WHO defines infertility as the inability to conceive after at least 12 months of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. Reduced male fertility can be the result of congenital and acquired urogenital abnormalities, infections of the male accessory glands, increased scrotal temperature (varicocele), endocrine disturbances, genetic abnormalities and immunological factors , In 40-60% of cases the only abnormality is the semen analysis and there is no relevant history or abnormality on physical examination and endocrine laboratory testing (idiopathic male infertility). Semen analysis reveals a decreased number of spermatozoa (oligozoospermia), decreased motility (asthenozoospermia) and many abnormal forms on morphological examination (teratozoospermia). Usually, these abnormalities come together and are described as the OAT-syndrome (oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia). Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted viruses, and males and females from different regions are generally susceptible. More than 120 HPV genotypes are known to distribute in the skin and mucous membranes, including the pubic area, oral cavity and perianal region, and can be transmitted through skin contact or any other surface contact related to the genital area.

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