The present study sought to confirm the cognitive and mood benefits of a standardized soluble mango leaf extract, named as Zynamite® S. A placebo or a single dose of the botanical extract (100 mg) was administered and its acute effects on mental function and mood were evaluated before product intake, at 30 min, 3 h, and 5 h post-ingestion.
The present study is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial that aimed to evaluate the effects of a standardized soluble mango leaf extract (Zynamite® S) on cognitive performance and mood. The study included 88 healthy university students aged 18-25 years. Participants received a single 100 mg dose of Zynamite® S or a placebo. Cognitive performance was evaluated by using the Trail Making Test (TMT) to assess executive functions, the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) for processing speed, and the Stroop Color and Word Test and the Stroop Interference Test to evaluate selective attention and cognitive flexibility. Additionally, mood was assessed using the Spanish short version of the Profile of Mood States (POMS). All the assessments were conducted before product intake, at 30 min, 3 h, and 5 h post-ingestion.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
88
Food-grade maltodextrin
Water-soluble mango leaf extract standardized to 60% of mangiferin
University of Atlántico Medio
Tafira Baja, Las Palmas, Spain
Changes in Trail Making Test (TMT) Score
Changes in the Trail Making Test (TMT) score will be used to evaluate executive functions between placeobo and Zynamite® S groups. This test is divided into two parts wtih 25 items each: Part A (TMT-A), which evaluates psychomotor attention and speed and involves connecting consecutively numbered circles, and Part B (TMT-B), which requires connecting alternating circles of letters and numbers and is used to measure executive function. A longer time taken to complete the test is interpreted as poorer performance.
Time frame: At baseline (30 minutes before supplement intake), at 30 minutes, 3 hours, and 5 hours after supplement intake.
Changes in Digit symbol substitution test (DSST) Score
Changes in the Digit symbol substitution test (DSST) will be employed to compare performance on processing speed, attention, and working memory between placebo and Zynamite® S groups. DSST is a paper-and-pencil cognitive test presented on a single sheet of paper, requiring the subject to match symbols with numbers according to a key located at the top of the page. The subject copies the symbol into spaces beneath a row of numbers. The score is based on the number of correct symbols the participant manages to substitute within 90 s.
Time frame: At baseline (30 minutes before supplement intake), at 30 minutes, 3 hours, and 5 hours after supplement intake.
Changes in Stroop Color and Word & Stroop Interference Score
Changes in the Stroop Color and Word Test and Stroop Interefernce Test will be used to assess cognitive functions, such as selective attention and cognitive flexibility between placebo and Zynamite® S groups. The Stroop Color and Word Test consists on three 45-second tasks. First, the participants read color words printed in black ink (the 'P' score). Next, they name the ink color of "XXXX" symbols (the 'C' score). In the final interference stage, the participant must state the ink color of a word that is printed in a conflicting color, such as the word "BLUE" printed in red ink (the 'PC' score). These three scores are then used to calculate a final T score of interference, where a higher score indicates better performance and attention control.
Time frame: At baseline (30 minutes before supplement intake), at 30 minutes, 3 hours, and 5 hours after supplement intake.
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Changes in Profile of Mood States (POMS) Score
Changes on the Profile of Mood States (POMS) score will be used to evaluate mood and well-being between placebo and Zynamite® S groups. Participants will complete the Spanish short version of the POMS 65-item questionnaire, which includes a total of 6 subscales: tension (score range 0 to 36), depression (score range 0 to 60), anger (score range 0 to 48), fatigue (score range 0 to 28), vigor (score range 0 to 32), and confusion (score range 0 to 28), as well as a total mood disturbance score (score range -32 to 200). The total mood disturbance score is calculated by summing the five negative subscale scores (tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion) and subtracting the vigor score. Higher scores for the total mood disturbance indicate a greater degree of mood disturbance.
Time frame: At baseline (30 minutes before supplement intake), at 30 minutes, 3 hours, and 5 hours after supplement intake.