Validation and Reliability of the Vietnamese Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in Knee Osteoarthritis

Khai Quang Nguyen, MD173 enrolled

Overview

This study aims to evaluate the reliability and convergent validity of the Vietnamese version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (VIET-PSEQ) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Pain self-efficacy refers to a person's confidence in managing their pain and maintaining daily activities despite it. A total of 173 patients with KOA will be recruited at Gia Dinh People's Hospital using a convenient sampling method. Eligible participants are 50 years or older, diagnosed with KOA, and experiencing chronic knee pain. They will complete the VIET-PSEQ and other health-related questionnaires during an in-person interview. The study will assess internal consistency (using Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability (by re-assessing a subgroup after 72 hours), and convergent validity by correlating VIET-PSEQ scores with EQ-5D-5L utility index. Additionally, linear regression analysis will examine how age, sex, pain severity, and education level influence pain self-efficacy. The goal is to determine whether VIET-PSEQ is a reliable and valid tool for measuring pain self-efficacy in Vietnamese patients with KOA.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

173

Conditions

Knee Osteoarthritis (Knee OA)

Interventions

Completion of Vietnamese Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ)

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 50 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: Participants will be eligible for inclusion if they meet all of the following conditions: * Age ≥ 50 years. * Diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis (OA) according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), confirmed by: 1. application of ACR criteria by the investigator at the time of enrollment; or 2. a prior diagnosis documented in medical records by a rheumatologist or musculoskeletal specialist. * Presence of chronic pain related to knee OA, with current pain intensity ≥ 1 on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). * No acute flare of knee pain within the past 2 weeks. * Ability to perform activities of daily living (with or without assistance). * Ability to read, understand, and complete questionnaires in Vietnamese. * Willingness to participate and provide informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: Participants will be excluded if they meet any of the following conditions: * Diagnosis of severe psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, severe anxiety disorders). * Presence of cognitive impairment that interferes with the ability to comprehend or answer the questionnaire. * Diagnosed with systemic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or gout. * Presence of other chronic pain conditions (unrelated to knee OA) that are predominant and significantly affect mobility and daily functioning. * History of intra-articular injection or knee surgery within the past 3 months. * Questionnaire (PSEQ) with ≥ 20% of items missing or invalid.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the Vietnamese version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (VIET-PSEQ)

The primary outcomes are the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the Vietnamese version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (VIET-PSEQ) among patients with knee osteoarthritis. Internal consistency will be assessed using Cronbach's alpha with a threshold of ≥ 0.70. Test-retest reliability will be evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) calculated from a two-way random-effects model with absolute agreement, based on repeated assessments 3 days apart without clinical intervention.

Time frame: Baseline and follow-up at Day 3 for test-retest group

Secondary Outcomes

Convergent validity of the VIET-PSEQ via correlation with EQ-5D-5L index score

To assess the convergent validity of the VIET-PSEQ by analyzing its correlation with the EQ-5D-5L utility index. This aims to explore the association between pain self-efficacy and health-related quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Correlation will be examined using Spearman's rho or Pearson's r depending on data distribution.

Time frame: At baseline assessment