The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a mindful leadership intervention compared to a management skills training program in executive staff working in public administration. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the mindful leadership intervention improve work engagement, transformational leadership, and mental well-being compared to the management skills training? * What are the effects of these interventions over a six-month follow-up period? Participants will: * Be assigned to either a mindful leadership program or a management skills training program. * Complete assessments measuring leadership qualities, mindfulness, engagement, and well-being before and after the intervention, as well as at six months follow-up.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
65
Mindful leadership training program focusing on contemplative practices, mindfulness exercises, and leadership skill development.
Standard management skills training including organizational techniques, communication skills, and leadership fundamentals.
Department of Finance and Public Administration
Zaragoza, Spain
Transformational Leadership (Transformational Leadership Questionnaire)
Measured using the Spanish adaptation of the Rafferty and Griffin Transformational Leadership Questionnaire (2004; adapted by Salanova et al., 2012). The instrument consists of 15 items grouped into five dimensions (Vision, Inspirational Communication, Intellectual Stimulation, Support, and Recognition), each rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 ("Strongly Disagree") to 5 ("Strongly Agree"). Total scores range from 15 to 75, with higher scores indicating higher transformational leadership behaviors.
Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention), immediately post-intervention (within 1 week after the last session) and 6-month follow-up.
Work Engagement (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, UWES)
Measured using the Spanish version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES; Salanova et al., 2001), consisting of 17 items rated from 0 ("Never") to 6 ("Always/Every day"). The scale measures three dimensions: Vigor, Dedication, and Absorption. Total scores range from 0 to 102, with higher scores indicating greater work engagement.
Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention), immediately post-intervention (within 1 week after the last session) and 6-month follow-up.
Mindfulness Skills (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire - Short Form, FFMQ-15)
Measured using the short version of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-15; Gu et al., 2016), consisting of 15 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 ("Never or very rarely true") to 5 ("Very often or always true"). Total scores range from 15 to 75, with higher scores indicating greater mindfulness skills.
Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention), immediately post-intervention (within 1 week after the last session) and 6-month follow-up.
Self-Compassion (Self-Compassion Scale - Short Form, SCS-SF)
Measured using the Spanish version of the Self-Compassion Scale - Short Form (SCS-SF; García-Campayo et al., 2014). The instrument consists of 12 items rated from 1 ("Almost never") to 5 ("Almost always"). Total scores range from 12 to 60, with higher scores indicating greater self-compassion.
Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention), immediately post-intervention (within 1 week after the last session) and 6-month follow-up.
Well-being (Pemberton Happiness Index, PHI)
Measured using the Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI; Hervás \& Vázquez, 2013). The first section includes 11 items rated from 0 ("Completely Disagree") to 10 ("Completely Agree"). The second section includes 10 items on daily positive and negative experiences, also rated from 0 to 10. Scores can be combined into a single well-being index ranging from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater well-being.
Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention), immediately post-intervention (within 1 week after the last session) and 6-month follow-up.
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