Comparing Low-Level Laser and Muscle Energy Techniques in Diabetic Frozen Shoulder

N/ANot Yet RecruitingNCT07161622

University of Lahore36 enrolled

Overview

The current study is to evaluate the comparative effects of low-level laser therapy and muscle energy technique on pain, range of motion, and functional results in diabetic patients with frozen shoulder. This research aims to enhance the existing data on managing diabetes-related musculoskeletal issues by assessing the comparative advantages of various therapies, therefore assisting physicians in choosing appropriate, patient-centred rehabilitation procedures.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Frozen Shoulder

Interventions

Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)OTHER

Participants received LLLT using a gallium-aluminium-arsenide (Ga-Al-As) diode laser device (BTL-5000, UK). The laser operated at a wavelength of 830 nm and a power output of 100 mW. Irradiation was applied at three sites (anterior capsule, posterior capsule, subacromial area) using a stationary-contact technique for 60-90 seconds each, delivering 4 J/cm² per site. Sessions were administered three times weekly for eight weeks. Conventional Therapy (for both groups): 15 minutes of moist heat (Chattanooga Hydrocollator) Pendulum exercises Passive and active-assisted ROM exercises Isometric strengthening of rotator cuff and scapular stabilizers Postural correction training

Muscle Energy Technique (MET)OTHER

Participants received MET for major shoulder muscles (internal/external rotators, flexors, extensors). Each contraction was performed at \~20% of maximum effort, sustained for 10 seconds, followed by 5 seconds relaxation, and then passive stretch to new end range. Three to five cycles per muscle group were performed. Sessions lasted \~20 minutes, three times weekly for eight weeks. Conventional Therapy (same as Arm A): 15 minutes of moist heat Pendulum exercises Passive and active-assisted ROM exercises Isometric strengthening of rotator cuff and scapular stabilizers Postural correction training

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 65 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Eligible participants were male and female individuals aged 18 to 65 years with a verified diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and clinical manifestations of frozen shoulder for at least three months. The diagnosis was determined by limited glenohumeral joint mobility, characterised by a decrease of ≥20° in a minimum of three active movements: flexion \<144°, abduction \<120°, and external rotation \<72°. Cases of both unilateral and bilateral nature were incorporated. Exclusion Criteria: * The exclusion criteria included a history of traumatic shoulder injury or prior surgery; neurological involvement, such as brachial plexus injury or cervical radiculopathy; rotator cuff tears or other ligamentous pathologies; tumours or malignancies affecting the shoulder; and corticosteroid injection within the preceding three months

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Shoulder function

Measured using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, a validated patient-reported outcome measure assessing disability and symptoms related to upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Higher scores indicate greater disability.

Time frame: Baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after intervention initiation.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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