This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of music listening on anxiety and pain among women following cesarean delivery. A total of 110 women who had undergone cesarean section were included. Beginning at the 24th postpartum hour, participants in the intervention group listened to relaxing classical music for 15 minutes every hour, while no intervention was applied to the control group. The study was designed to determine whether music listening could influence postpartum anxiety and perceived pain.
Postpartum women undergoing cesarean section often experience significant levels of anxiety and pain, which can negatively affect recovery and maternal-infant bonding. In addition to pharmacological methods, non-pharmacological strategies such as music listening may play an important role in supporting women during this period. In this study, 110 women who had undergone cesarean delivery were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Starting at the 24th postpartum hour until the 48th hour, women in the intervention group listened to relaxing classical instrumental music (e.g., works by Mozart, Vivaldi, and Debussy) for 15 minutes every hour. The control group received no intervention. Participants' demographic and clinical characteristics were collected using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, while postpartum anxiety and pain perception were assessed with the Postpartum-Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). The primary outcome was anxiety, and the secondary outcome was pain perception. The study sought to assess whether a music-based, culturally appropriate, non-pharmacological intervention could be an effective component of routine postpartum care following cesarean delivery.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
110
Participants listened to a standardized playlist of relaxing classical instrumental music (e.g., Mozart, Vivaldi, Debussy) for 15 minutes every hour, beginning at the 24th postpartum hour until the 48th hour. The intervention aimed to reduce postpartum anxiety and pain perception.
Selcuk University
Konya, Turkey (Türkiye)
Postpartum Anxiety
Measured using the Postpartum-Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS) at the 48th postpartum hour. Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety.
Time frame: 48th postpartum hour
Pain Catastrophizing
Measured using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) at the 48th postpartum hour. Higher scores indicate greater pain catastrophizing.
Time frame: 48th postpartum hour
Total Duration of Music Listening
Total number of minutes of music listened by participants in the intervention group across the intervention period.
Time frame: Between the 24th and 48th postpartum hour
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