This randomized controlled study aims to investigate the effects of ney music listening, a traditional Turkish wind instrument, on pain, anxiety, sleep quality, and vital signs in patients undergoing lumbar disc herniation surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive a 15-minute ney music session at three different time points: preoperative (on the day of surgery), postoperative 3rd hour, and postoperative day 1. The control group will receive standard postoperative nursing care without music intervention. Data will be collected at the same time points in both groups using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I), Richard-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire, and vital signs. The study seeks to evaluate the non-pharmacological benefits of therapeutic music in postoperative recovery.
Lumbar disc herniation is a common spinal disorder that often requires surgical intervention when conservative treatments fail. Although surgery can alleviate nerve compression and reduce pain, many patients continue to experience postoperative pain, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and altered physiological parameters, all of which negatively impact recovery. For this reason, complementary approaches such as therapeutic music have gained attention as supportive strategies in postoperative care. This randomized controlled trial is designed to evaluate the effect of ney music listening, a traditional Turkish musical practice, on postoperative pain, anxiety, sleep quality, and physiological parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation) in patients undergoing lumbar disc surgery. The ney, a reed flute used in classical Turkish music, has been associated with calming and meditative effects, potentially supporting recovery processes. The intervention group will listen to recorded ney music for 15 minutes in a quiet and dimly lit environment via headphones. The music selection will consist of instrumental compositions in Rast and Nihavend maqams, known for their soothing and relaxing tonalities. Sessions will occur at three specific time points: Preoperative (the evening before surgery) Postoperative 3rd hour (after transfer to the clinic) Postoperative Day 1 (before bedtime) In each session, pain (measured with the Visual Analog Scale - VAS), anxiety (measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-I), sleep quality (Richard-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire), and vital signs (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse, and SpO₂) will be assessed before and after music listening in the intervention group. The control group will receive routine postoperative care without any music intervention. However, outcome measurements will be collected at the same intervals and using the same tools to enable comparison. The study hypothesizes that listening to ney music may serve as an effective, non-pharmacological method to enhance postoperative comfort by reducing pain and anxiety, stabilizing physiological parameters, and improving sleep quality. The results are expected to contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the integration of music therapy into clinical nursing practice, particularly in surgical settings.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
60
Ney music concert
Niran Çoban
Yalova, Turkey (Türkiye)
RECRUITINGThe Effect of Ney Music on Pain
Visual Analog Scale: The Visual Analog Scale is a commonly used unidimensional measure for assessing pain intensity. The VAS is a measurement tool ranging from 0 to 10 cm (0 to 100 mm) in length. Since the aim of the study is to determine the effect of the non-pharmacological method used on the current pain, the VAS will be used in the assessment of pain before and after application. Measurements will be taken at the following intervals: On the day of surgery, before surgery Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic) On the morning of the first day after surgery
Time frame: 6 month
The Effect Ney Music on Anxiety
State Anxiety Inventory: In our study, the State Anxiety Inventory will be used before and after the procedure to assess patients' anxiety levels in a specific situation. The State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) is a tool that measures how an individual feels at a specific moment and in a specific situation, i.e., their anxiety level in that situation.Each subscale consists of 20 items, and the inventory consists of a total of 40 items. When calculating the State Anxiety Inventory, the scoring is reversed for items 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19, and 20. The total score from both scales in the inventory ranges from 20 to 80. High scores on the scales indicate high anxiety, while low scores indicate low anxiety levels. Measurements will be taken at the following intervals: On the day of surgery, before surgery;Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic); On the morning of the first day after surgery
Time frame: 6 month
The Effect Ney Music on Sleep
Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale: Assesses the depth of nighttime sleep, the time it takes to fall asleep, the frequency of waking up, the time spent awake after waking up, the quality of sleep, and the noise level in the environment. Each item is rated on a scale ranging from 0 to 100 using the Visual Analog Scale technique. A score between "0-25" on the scale indicates very poor sleep, while a score between "76-100" indicates very good sleep. The total scale score is evaluated based on five items, excluding the 6th item, which assesses the noise level in the environment, with a total score of 22. As the scale score increases, patients' sleep quality also improves. It will be used to evaluate the effect of non-pharmacological interventions on patients' sleep levels after surgery. Measurements will be taken at the following intervals: On the day of surgery, before surgery Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic) On the morning of the first day after surgery
Time frame: 6 month
The Effect Ney Music on blood pressure
Patients' blood pressure, values will be recorded. The effect of non-pharmacological interventions on patients' blood pressure values will be evaluated. Measurements will be taken at the following intervals: On the day of surgery, before surgery Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic) On the morning of the first day after surgery
Time frame: 6 month
The Effect Ney Music on pulse
Patients' pulse , values will be recorded. The effect of non-pharmacological interventions on patients' pulse values will be evaluated. Measurements will be taken at the following intervals: On the day of surgery, before surgery Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic) On the morning of the first day after surgery
Time frame: 6 month
The Effect Ney Music on oxygen saturation
Patients' oxygen saturation , values will be recorded. The effect of non-pharmacological interventions on patients' oxygen saturation values will be evaluated. Measurements will be taken at the following intervals: On the day of surgery, before surgery Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic) On the morning of the first day after surgery
Time frame: 6 month
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