Effects of Meal Characteristics on Appetite

Göteborg University85 enrolled

Overview

The overall aim of the study is to determine effects of different meal characteristics on energy intake, eating rate and appetite.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Obesity and Obesity-related Medical Conditions Appetite

Interventions

Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed foodOTHER

Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed foodOTHER

Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed foodOTHER

Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 64 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18-64 years * Body mass index (BMI) 18.5-35.0 kg/m2 * Weight stability the last 3 months +/-5% Exclusion Criteria: * Food allergies, intolerances or preferences preventing consumption of any products included in the study. * Unable to sufficiently understand written and spoken Swedish or English to provide written consent and understand information and instructions from the study personal. * Pregnant, lactating or planning a pregnancy during the study period. * History of stomach or gastrointestinal conditions or major gastrointestinal surgery (Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, malabsorption, colostomy, bowel resection, gastric bypass surgery etc.) * Type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes. * Drug treated thyroid disorder •- Following any weight reduction program or having followed one during the last 6 months prior to screening. * Medication for weight reduction purpose effecting appetite or fat absorption (e.g. GLP-1 analogues, orlistat) * Severe dysfunctional eating behavior based on Three Factor Eating Questionnaire

Locations (1)

University of Gothenburg

Gothenburg, Sweden

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Energy intake

Energy intake estimated by nutrient calculation of leftover food

Time frame: Baseline until 1 hour, or completion of the meal (which ever comes first)

Eating rate

Time it takes to eat the study meal until satisfied

Time frame: Baseline until 1 hour, or completion of the meal (which ever comes first)

Secondary Outcomes

Self-reported appetite

Self-reported appetite, using Visual Analogue Scales

Time frame: Before, and after the meal (before meal and after 30 minutes, 1hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours and 4 hours)

Self-reported prospective energy intake

Self-reported prospective energy intake during the remainder of the day

Time frame: From 30 min until midnight or bedtime (which ever comes first)

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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