Deviated Nasal Septum Effect on Maxillary Sinus Volumes and Development of Maxillary Sinusitis by CT

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age ≥18 years. 2. Availability of high-resolution CT scans of paranasal Sinuses (axial, coronal, sagittal views). 3. Adequate imaging quality allowing sinus volumetry and septal deviation measurement. 4. Anatomical landmarks visible: Crista galli, hard palate, choanae, uncinate process/OMC region clearly identifiable to permit NSD measurement and sinus segmentation. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Age \< 18 years. 2. Previous sinonasal or maxillofacial surgery. 3. History of facial trauma or fractures affecting the nasal septum or sinus walls. 4. Sinonasal tumors, polyps, or large cysts. 5. Congenital craniofacial anomalies (e.g., cleft palate). 6. head and neck syndromes. 7. Cases with systemic diseases affecting growth and development. \-