Comparison Between Effect of Empirical Antibiotic Prophylaxis Versus Enhanced Prophylactic Measures on Rate of Urinary Tract Infection After Flexible Ureteroscopy in Children With Pyuria

Inclusion Criteria: * Age starting from 4 up to 14 years old. * Patients with renal stones from 1cm to 1.5cm in largest dimensions (not more than 4 cm3 measured by CTUT) undergoing flexible URS. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who refuse to participate in the study. * Patients with single functioning kidney. * Patients with rising serum creatinine. * Known patient with neurogenic bladder. * Patients with DM type1. * Immunocompromised children. * Children with coagulopathy. * Patients with untreated UTI (or any interfering symptoms with UTI as fever or irritative LUTS).