Conventional Physical Therapy Action Observation Therapy on Freezing of Gait and Functional Mobility in Parkinson's Disease

University of Lahore42 enrolled

Overview

The goal of this study is to determine the effects of action observation therapy with conventional physical therapy on freezing gait and functional limitation in participants with Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by rigidity, tremors, and bradykinesia, along with non-motor dysfunction. The exercise rehabilitation has a positive impact on motor and non-motor functions in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Conventional physical therapy (CPT) that involves isometric exercises, stretching techniques, and strength and balance training is useful to improve the severity of functional mobility and freezing of gait. In action observation therapy (AOT), small video clips of different goal-directed tasks were added to rehabilitation to determine the combined effects on outcome.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Parkinson Disease Neuro-Degenerative Disease

Interventions

Conventional Physical TherapyOTHER

Group A received conventional physical therapy treatment. The CPT program consists of isometric exercises, stretching, and strength training based on the patient's physical condition and the severity of functional mobility and freezing of Gait.

Action Observation plus conventional Physical TherapyOTHER

Group B was given action observation therapy with conventional physical therapy treatment. In AOT, the therapist showed small video clips of different goal-directed tasks to participants, and they were asked to follow every step and movement. The therapist maintained the patient's attention with verbal feedback

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 50 YearsMax age: 80 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: The participants were included based on the UK Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank diagnostic criteria, with clinical findings supporting the diagnosis. The eligible participants were aged between 50 and 80 years, of both genders, labelled as stage ≤ 3, with a minimum of 2 years since being diagnosed with PD and a freezing of gait score of 9 or higher on FOG-Q, and able to understand and follow commands. Exclusion Criteria: The exclusion criteria were systemic disease and neurological issues that could affect the assessment and outcomes of treatment, implantation for deep brain stimulation, and visual or acoustic limitations.

Locations (1)

The University of Lahore

Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Change in functional mobility

The TUG is an efficient test that measures mobility and balance, requiring participants to rise from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn, walk back, and sit down. The time taken to complete this sequence is recorded, with longer times indicating potential mobility issues. A score of more than or equal to fourteen seconds indicates a high risk of falls.

Time frame: The assessment was made at baseline before the treatment session, and any change in mobility status was observed at the end of 6th week and 12th week after the intervention.

Change in Freezing of gait

The FOG-Q is a reliable tool for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment intervention on FOG for Parkinson's disease. The questionnaire consists of 6 items designed to assess the severity of freezing of gait. Each item is rated on a five-point Likert scale, with '0' indicating no symptoms and '4' indicating the most severe symptoms. The total score can range from 0 to 24, with higher scores indicating greater severity of freezing of gait.

Time frame: The freezing of gait was assessed at baseline, and any change in it was measured at the end of 6th week and 12th week after the intervention.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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