PURSUIT: A Technologically Augmented School-based Program to Improve Child Coping and Prevent Substance Use.

Changes in pain, as measured by the Pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS)

Youth will report their average pain intensity over the past two weeks using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Responses range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain), with ratings ≥ 3 indicating moderate pain.

Time frame: From baseline to post-assessment, approximately 8 weeks.

Change in functional disability, measured using the Functional Disability Inventory (FDI)

The 15-item FDI assesses youths' difficulty performing tasks across home, school, recreational, and social settings over the "past few days" due to physical symptoms. Items are rated from 0 ("no trouble") to 4 ("impossible") and summed, yielding total scores of 0-60 with scores ≥7 suggesting greater than minimal disability

Time frame: From baseline to post-assessment, approximately 8 weeks.

Changes in post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD), measured using the UCLA Reaction Index for DSM-5 Brief Screening Form

The UCLA Reaction Index for DSM-5 Brief Screening Form is an 11-item measure of how often youth experienced psychological stress and physiological reactivity due to internal or external trauma reminders, intrusive trauma-related memories, avoidance of internal and external reminders of trauma, emotional dysregulation, attention issues, feelings of detachment, and sleep disturbance over the past month. Items are scored from zero (none of the time) to four (most of the time) and summed; scores of 11-20 suggest mild PTSD symptoms, while scores ≥21 are indicative of potential PTSD. We adapted this measure to not query the type of traumatic exposure experienced by youth. It will only be completed by those who endorse exposure (yes/no) to a frightening or upsetting event.

Time frame: From baseline to post-assessment, approximately 8 weeks.

Change in anxiety symptoms, measured using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED)

The 41-item Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) assesses past 3-month anxiety symptoms. Items are scored on a 3-point Likert-style scale (0 = not true or hardly ever true, 2=very true or often true), and summed to yield total scores of 0-82 with higher scores indicating greater anxiety and scores ≥25 suggesting clinical significance.

Time frame: From baseline to post-assessment, approximately 8 weeks.

Change in depressive symptoms, measured using the PROMIS Pediatric Short Form 8a

Youth will report the frequency (1=never, 5=almost always) of past-week depressive symptoms (e.g., sadness, loneliness) using the eight-item PROMIS Pediatric Depressive Symptoms Short Form 8a. Raw summed scores (range 8 to 40) are converted to T-scores (mean 50, standard deviation 10), with T-scores \>55 suggesting mild or higher symptoms.

Time frame: From baseline to post-assessment, approximately 8 weeks.

Change in fatigue symptoms; as measured by the PROMIS Pediatric Short Form 10a

Past week fatigue symptoms will be self-reported by youth using the 10-item PROMIS Pediatric Short Form. Items ("Being tired made it hard for me to play or go out with my friends as much as I'd like") are rated on a 5-point Likert-style scale (1=never, 5=almost always) and summed in to total scores, which are converted into T-scores (\>55 suggesting at least mild symptoms).

Time frame: From baseline to post-assessment, approximately 8 weeks.

Change in sleep disturbance symptoms, measured using the PROMIS Pediatric Sleep Disturbance Short Form 8a

The frequency (1=never, 5=almost always) with which youth experienced sleep disturbance symptoms (e.g., trouble falling or staying asleep) in the past week will be assessed using the eight-item PROMIS Pediatric Sleep Disturbance Short Form. T-scores (\>55 indicative of mild or greater symptoms) will be derived from summed raw scores.

Time frame: From baseline to post-assessment; approximately 8 weeks

Change in youths' perceived risk of substance use; measured using Monitoring The Future items

Youth age 12 and older will report how risky (1= No Risk, 4=Great Risk) they perceive different cigarette, cannabis, alcohol, or vaping use behaviors (e.g., occasional versus regular use) using 12 items from the 2023 Monitoring the Future (MTF) study. MTF is an ongoing longitudinal panel study conducted by the University of Michigan that includes annual surveys of nationally representative samples of 8th, 10,th and 12th grade youth.

Time frame: From baseline through post-assessment; approximately 8 weeks.

Change in youth's substance use behaviors; assessed using the Screening to Brief Intervention (S2B1)

The frequency (never, once or twice, monthly, weekly or more often) of past-year nicotine, alcohol, cannabis, and other substance use behaviors will be assessed for youth 12 years and older using the youth-reported Screening to Brief Intervention (S2BI)

Time frame: From baseline through post-assessment; approximately 8 weeks.

Changes in caregivers' depression, anxiety, and stress as measured by the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales 21 (DASS21)

The DASS21 depression, anxiety, and stress on a scale of 0-63 with 0 indicating low levels of these feelings, and 63 indicating high levels. This measure will only be completed by caregivers.

Time frame: From baseline to post-assessment, approximately 8 weeks.

Change in stress, measured by the PROMIS Pediatric Psychological Stress Experiences 8a

Youth will report how often (1=never, 5=almost always) they experienced feelings of stress over the past week using the eight-item PROMIS Psychological Stress Experiences-Short Form 8a. As per other PROMIS short forms, summed scores are converted to T-scores.

Time frame: From baseline to post-assessment; approximately 8 weeks