Runners experience diverse lower extremity injuries, and the most common is patellofemoral pain (PFP)-commonly known as "runner's knee" and characterized by pain around and/or behind the kneecap. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-week, self-directed, web-based education program for runners competing in the 2026 Boston Marathon. The study will evaluate outcomes, including pain, function, and marathon performance, in runners who use a web-based educational program designed to help them understand and manage knee pain. There will be two groups: Group 1 will receive the 6-week web-based educational program prior to the 2026 Boston Marathon, while Group 2 will serve as the wait-and-see control group (no intervention) prior to the marathon and then receive the same program 6 weeks after completing the marathon.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
104
This intervention uses MyKneeCap.com, a free, web-based educational platform designed to help runners understand their knee pain. The platform provides information about patellofemoral pain and includes exercise programs aimed at reducing pain and improving knee function. This intervention does not involve any drugs, devices, or other procedural components.
Boston Children's Hospital
Waltham, Massachusetts, United States
Clinical outcomes (pain)
Pain will be assessed for current pain and worst pain in the previous week using a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS; 0=no pain; 10=worst pain imaginable), a reliable, valid, and responsive tool for evaluating treatment outcomes for patellofemoral pain.
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Clinical outcomes (self-reported function)
Self-reported function will be evaluated using the 11-item Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-Patellofemoral subscale (KOOS-PF; 0=extreme disability; 100=no disability), a reliable tool with the highest content validity for patellofemoral pain.
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Clinical outcomes (global rating of change)
Global rating of change will be assessed for perceived recovery using a 7-point Likert scale (much worse, worse, slightly worse, no change, slightly better, better, or much better). The global rating of change scale is a reliable, clinically relevant, and patient-centered measure for interpreting meaningful improvements.
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Psychological function (fear-avoidance beliefs)
Fear-avoidance beliefs will be quantified using the 5-item Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire-Physical Activity subscale (FABQ-PA; 0=no fear-avoidance; 24=extreme fear-avoidance). The FABQ-PA is a reliable and valid tool and represents a key psychological profile in patellofemoral pain management.
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Psychological function (pain self-efficacy)
Pain self-efficacy will be quantified using the 10-item Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ; 0=no self-efficacy; 60=extreme self-efficacy). The PSEQ is a reliable and valid tool and represents a key psychological profile in patellofemoral pain management.
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Patient satisfaction
Satisfaction during the preceding six weeks of marathon training will be rated on a 5-point Likert scale (very dissatisfied, somewhat dissatisfied, neither, somewhat satisfied, or very satisfied).
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Marathon performance (finish time)
Finish time will be evaluated by comparing the official finish time to the participant's intended finish time (in minutes).
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Marathon performance (division ranking)
Division ranking will be evaluated by comparing the division ranking to the participant's intended division ranking (in rank).
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Medical service use
Intra-event medical encounters for knee pain will be self-recorded (in count).
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Secondary musculoskeletal complaints
Lower extremity pain or injuries (other than patellofemoral pain) sustained during the race will be self-recorded (in count).
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Return to running readiness
Perceived readiness to return to competitive running will be assessed on a 5-point Likert scale (not at all, slightly, moderately, very, or extremely).
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Barriers and facilitators (confidence in self-management)
Confidence in self-management ("I am confident in my ability to manage my symptoms and treatment plan on my own") will be measured using a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree, disagree, neither, agree, strongly agree).
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Barriers and facilitators (usability of the education platform)
Usability of the education platform ("The web-based education platform is easy to use and navigate") will be measured using a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree, disagree, neither, agree, strongly agree).
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
Barriers and facilitators (treatment expectations)
Treatment expectations ("I believe that the web-based education and exercise program will help improve my condition") will be measured using a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree, disagree, neither, agree, strongly agree).
Time frame: 6-weeks leading up to the Boston Marathon, or 6-weeks post completion of Boston Marathon
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.