The objective of the study is to determine whether rapid multiplex PCR testing of respiratory samples can reduce exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics in intensive care unit patients with suspected or confirmed ventilator-associated pneumonia, compared to standard diagnostic methods. As secondary objectives, the investigators will study antibiotic management and overall antibiotic consumption, as well as escalation or de-escalation events. The investigators will study the potential clinical impact of using multiplex PCR to see if the length of stay in the intensive care unit is reduced, as well as the duration of mechanical ventilation.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
170
In the intervention arm, in addition to traditional cultures for identifying pathogens and their resistance, multiplex PCR will be performed on the patient's respiratory samples. Empirical antibiotic therapy will be directly adapted to the results of multiplex PCR according to the guidelines provided.
University hospitals of Geneva, Division of Intensive Care
Geneva, Canton of Geneva, Switzerland
Dept. of Intensive Care Medicine, University hospital of Lausanne
Lausanne, Switzerland
Division of Intensive care, Hospital of Lugano
Lugano, Switzerland
Division of Intensive care, Hospital of Neuchâtel
Neuchâtel, Switzerland
Division of Intensive care, University hospital of Sion
Sion, Switzerland
The primary outcome is the broad-spectrum antibiotic-free hours at day 7 from inclusion
It is defined as the time, measured in hours, that the patient is alive and not treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics (≥ class 4 of ß-lactam according to Weiss et al.) within a period during from the date of randomization to day 7 or earlier if ICU discharge.
Time frame: Seven days
Median time (in hours) on broad-spectrum antibiotics during ICU stay.
Time frame: 28 days
Antibiotic free days defined as the number of days alive without antibiotics at Day 14 and Day 28.
Time frame: 28 days
Time to antimicrobial switch (time to de-escalation or escalation) measured in hours.
Time frame: Seven days
Rate of appropriate antimicrobial therapy at the following time points: inclusion, 24h after inclusion and 48h after inclusion.
I. Appropriate antimicrobial therapy is defined as follows: 1. Susceptibility of the cultured micro-organisms to the empiric antibiotic regimen. 2. Narrowest spectrum II. Inappropriate antimicrobial therapy is defined as follows: 1. Not active according to the in-vitro susceptibility testing of the identified pathogen. 2. Having a spectrum too broad for resistance pattern of the identified pathogen 3. Known intrinsic resistance of the identified pathogen to the given antibiotic. If no pathogen identified, antibiotic treatment covering Gram-negative rods was considered too broad. These criteria have been selected and adapted by Darie AM et al. Lancet Respir Med. 2022
Time frame: 48 hours
ICU mortality and hospital mortality at Day 28
Time frame: 28 days
Ventilator free-days until Day 28
Time frame: 28 days
ICU length of stay
Time frame: 28 days
Rate of adherence to antimicrobial guidelines at 48h.
Rate of patients treated following the antimicrobial guidelines provided in the study.
Time frame: 48 hours
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