Acute Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training to Failure on Hypoalgesia in Patients With Severe Knee Osteoarthritis Using Dynamic or Fixed Occlusion Pressure

N/ANot Yet RecruitingNCT07300384

University of Valencia45 enrolled

Overview

This study aims to compare the acute effects on hypoalgesia of training to failure using blood flow restriction (BFR) with dynamic occlusion versus BFR with fixed occlusion in patients with severe gonarthrosis. Two different training conditions will be performed with varying levels of blood flow occlusion (%BFR) and percentage of load (%RM): 1) 30% RM and 50% BFR with dynamic pressure; 2) 30% RM and 50% BFR with fixed pressure. Each participant will complete two individual sessions under different training conditions, randomly assigned with a 72-hour interval between sessions.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

DOUBLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Severe Knee Osteoarthritis

Interventions

A single quadriceps extension exercise at 30% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) with dynamic occlusion at 50% of limb occlusion pressure (LOP). The exercise protocol will consist of 4 sets to muscle failure with 30 seconds of rest between sets and a continuous level of occlusion.

Low-intensity resistance exercise to failure with moderate arterial occlusion pressure and fixed pressure.DEVICE

A single quadriceps extension exercise at 30% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) with fixed occlusion at 50% of limb occlusion pressure (LOP). The exercise protocol will consist of 4 sets to muscle failure with 30 seconds of rest between sets and a continuous level of occlusion.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 50 YearsMax age: 85 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Age between 50 and 85 years * Diagnosis of severe gonarthrosis according to the clinical and radiographic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology guidelines. * On the waiting list for unilateral total knee replacement (TKR) surgery Exclusion Criteria: * Pain in the contralateral leg with an intensity ≥80/100 mm on the visual analog scale (VAS) during daily activities. * Previous hip or knee replacement surgery and osteotomy within the last year. * Autoimmune arthritis * Medical conditions that contraindicate exercise. * Participation in exercise programs (\>2 days/week with training at intensities of 10-15 1RM) in the previous six months. * History of stroke, brain surgery, major depression, or self-reported cognitive impairment that could affect performance in the study. * Cardiovascular, thrombotic, or vascular risk factors (uncontrolled hypertension, peripheral arterial disease, history of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, heart failure, severe varicose veins, or uncontrolled anticoagulant therapy). * Skin or local alterations at the cuff application site (ulcers, open wounds, infections, lymphedema, or severe edema). * Inability to communicate normally or with impaired communication skills.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Pain intensity at rest (Visual Analogue Scale, 0-10)

Pain intensity perceived on a Visual Analogue Scale, at rest, being 0 no pain and 10 the worst pain imaginable.

Time frame: Periprocedural

Secondary Outcomes

Pressure pain threshold

Pressure pain threshold measured in the middle deltoid (peripheral sensitivity) and tibialis anterior (central sensitivity), using an algometer

Time frame: Periprocedural

Perceived exertion scale (The BORG CR10 Scale)

The BORG CR10 Scale is a subjective tool used to measure the intensity of the perceived exertion of a person during an activity through a rate of perceived exertion (RPE). It is scored on a scale of 0 to 10, where 0 is no exertion and 10 is maximum exertion.

Time frame: Periprocedural

Occurrence of adverse effects

Occurrence of adverse effects (e.g., pain, delayed onset muscle soreness, sudden weakness of the trained limb, redness or swelling of the trained limb, etc.) by self-report.

Time frame: Immediately after the intervention, 72 hours later, and two weeks after the study ended

Kinesiophobia (The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia)

The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia is a questionnaire designed to assess fear of movement and avoidance of physical activity due to pain. It consists of 17 items answered on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree), measuring two main factors: fear of movement and activity avoidance. The total score ranges from 17 to 68 points, with higher scores indicating greater kinesophobia.

Time frame: Before the intervention and at the end of the study

Pain catastrophizing

The Pain Catastrophizing Scale includes 13 items in total (0-52 points) that describe different thoughts and feelings associated with pain. The PCS consists of 5 grades: 0 not at all, 1 a little, 2 moderately, 3 a lot, and 4 always. The participant must mark their situation for each case. Higher scores correspond to higher levels of pain catastrophizing

Time frame: Before the intervention and at the end of the study

Functional Measure (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index)

The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) is a questionnaire designed to assess pain, stiffness, and function in patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis. It consists of 24 items, divided into three subscales that assess pain (5 items), stiffness (2 items), and physical function (17 items). Responses are given on a 0-to-4 Likert-type scale, where higher scores indicate greater impairment.

Time frame: Before the intervention and at the end of the study

Number of Repetitions Performed

The number of maximum repetitions performed in each set will be assessed for each patient

Time frame: Periprocedural

Acute Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training to Failure on Hypoalgesia in Patients With Severe Knee Osteoarthritis Using Dynamic or Fixed Occlusion Pressure

Overview

Conditions

Interventions

Eligibility

Locations (1)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes

Central Contacts