This study investigates DDH-LSD, a novel LSD-like compound expected to have a shorter duration of action than LSD. In healthy volunteers, pharmacokinetics, safety, and subjective effects, will be assessed and compare with LSD in a controlled cross-over study.
LSD is a classical serotonergic psychedelic that produces profound alterations in perception and consciousness, primarily through 5-HT2A receptor agonism. Numerous LSD analogs have emerged in recent years, some functioning as prodrugs of LSD, while others show distinct pharmacological characteristics. DDH-LSD is a newly synthesized lysergamide with LSD-like receptor activity but faster metabolism in vitro, suggesting a shorter elimination half-life and potentially briefer psychedelic effects. This study consists of two parts. Substudy 1 is an open-label dose-escalation trial in which healthy participants receive increasing doses of DDH-LSD to identify a dose that produces clear but tolerable psychoactive effects. Substudy 2 is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study comparing the selected DDH-LSD dose with LSD and placebo. Each participant completes multiple supervised study days with comprehensive assessment of subjective effects, physiological responses, and pharmacokinetics. The goal is to provide first-in-human data on DDH-LSD, characterize its effect profile, and evaluate how its duration of action compares with LSD.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
24
Single oral dose of DDH-LSD at the dose determined in Substudy 1. Participants are monitored for 13 hours for pharmacokinetics, subjective effects, autonomic responses, and safety parameters.
Single oral dose of 0.1 mg LSD. Participants are monitored for 13 hours for pharmacokinetics, subjective effects, autonomic responses, and safety parameters.
Single oral administration of placebo. Participants are monitored for 13 hours under identical conditions to control for expectancy and procedural effects.
University Hospital Basel
Basel, Switzerland
RECRUITINGDetermine effective DDH-LSD dose
Identify the dose of DDH-LSD that produces clear psychoactive effects.
Time frame: During each 13-hour study session.
Compare duration of action and elimination half-life
Compare DDH-LSD with LSD and placebo regarding elimination half-life and duration of subjective effects.
Time frame: During each 13-hour study session.
Pharmacokinetics of DDH-LSD
Measure plasma concentration over time
Time frame: During each 13-hour study session
Subjective effects: Visual Analog Scales (VAS)
Assess subjective alterations in consciousness using 100 mm horizontal lines (0 = "not at all", 100 = "extremely"). Multiple items (e.g., "any drug effect", "good drug effect", "high", "anxiety") are administered repeatedly during sessions to capture intensity and time course of drug effects.
Time frame: During each 13-hour study session
Subjective effects: Adjective Mood Rating Scale (AMRS / EWL60S)
A 60-item Likert scale assessing six dimensions of mood (activation, positive mood, extraversion, introversion, inactivation, emotional excitability). Scores range from 0-100 per subscale, with higher values indicating greater intensity of the dimension.
Time frame: Following each 13-hour study session
Subjective effects: 5-Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness (5D-ASC)
A 94-item questionnaire assessing altered consciousness, perception, mood, and derealization/depersonalization. Scores 0-100 per subscale, with higher values indicating stronger alteration of consciousness.
Time frame: Following each 13-hour study session
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Subjective effects: Spiritual Realm Questionnaire (SRQ)
A 65-item visual rating scale assessing spiritual and psychedelic experiences across four dimensions (spirituality, human condition, personal problem solving, worldview/beliefs). Scores 0-100 per subscale, higher values indicate stronger experience.
Time frame: Following each 13-hour study session
Subjective effects: States of Consciousness Questionnaire (SCQ / MEQ)
A 100-item questionnaire with a 43-item Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ) embedded. Scores 0-100% per domain, with higher percentages reflecting stronger mystical-type experiences.
Time frame: Following each 13-hour study session
Effect on heart rate (HR)
Time frame: During each 13-hour study session
Effect on blood pressure
Time frame: During each 13-hour study session
Effect on body temperature
Time frame: During each 13-hour study session
Subjective effects: Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE)
A 12-item questionnaire measuring positive and negative affect. Subscales range 0-24, with higher scores indicating greater positive or negative affect; the overall balance score reflects general well-being.
Time frame: Before each 13-hour study session
Subjective effects: Psychological Insight Questionnaire (PIQ)
A 14-item questionnaire assessing insight into emotions, behavior, beliefs, or relationships. Items rated 0-5 (0 = "not at all", 5 = "extremely"), higher scores indicate greater perceived psychological insight.
Time frame: Following each 13-hour study session