Drawing on the Selection, Optimization, and Compensation (SOC) model of adaptive development, this study tested whether a structured behavioral intervention could enhance walking activity and well-being through improvements in self-regulatory strategy use.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
350
A structured Selection, Optimization, and Compensation (SOC)-based workshop designed to promote adaptive self-regulation in the domain of physical activity, particularly walking
A general health education program that covered age-related topics such as nutrition, sleep, medication adherence, and mental well-being, but excluded any self-regulatory or goal-setting components.
Henan Polytechnic University
Jiaozuo, Henan, China
Walking behavior
weekly minutes of walking
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Selection
Use of "SOC (Selection, Optimization, and Compensation strategies)" questionnaire specific to walking, assessed with brief subscales (3-4 items each; 5-point Likert), at T0, T1, and T2. It assesses the self-regulatory strategies using a 12-item version of the Selection Questionnaire originally developed by Freund and Baltes (2002) and validated for use with Chinese older adults by Chou and Chi (2001). The instrument comprises three subscales-in this case we use the Selection scale-with four items rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree).
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Optimization
Use of SOC "Selection, Optimization, and Compensation strategies Questionnaire" specific to walking, assessed with brief subscales (3-4 items each; 5-point Likert), at T0, T1, and T2. For this outcome, we use the subscale Optimization, which self-regulatory strategies assessed using a list of Optimization items, originally developed by Freund and Baltes (2002) and validated for use with Chinese older adults by Chou and Chi (2001). The instrument comprises is rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree).
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Compensation
Use of SOC "Selection, Optimization, and Compensation strategies Questionnaire" specific to walking, assessed with brief subscales (3-4 items each; 5-point Likert), at T0, T1, and T2. We use the Compensation subscale of self-regulatory strategies, that was originally developed by Freund and Baltes (2002) and validated for use with Chinese older adults by Chou and Chi (2001). The instrument is rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree).
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
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