The Effect of Vascular Imaging Devices on Success Rates of Peripheral Vascular Access in Pediatric Patients

The time to establish peripheral vascular access

The primary outcome measure is the time required to successfully establish peripheral vascular access, defined as the interval from the first needle insertion attempt to the confirmation of intravenous placement (e.g., blood return and/or free flow of saline). This metric will be recorded in seconds and compared between patients who receive vascular imaging assistance and those who do not.

Time frame: pre-intervention/procedure/surgery

number of attempts

The number of attempts refers to the total number of needle insertions required to achieve successful peripheral vascular access, with each attempt defined as a distinct skin puncture. An attempt is counted even if cannulation is not achieved. This outcome will be documented for each patient and compared between the group using vascular imaging devices and the group without such assistance.

Time frame: pre-intervention/procedure/surgery