Incentive Spirometer in Liver Transplant Recipients

Cairo University40 enrolled

Overview

This study evaluated the effect of adjunctive incentive spirometer on arterial blood gases (ABGs) and early postoperative recovery in liver transplant recipients.

In this prospective , randomized study, 40 adults undergoing living-donor liver transplantation (LT) were assigned to standard post-transplant mobilization and breathing exercises alone (n=20) or standard exercises plus structured IS training (n=20). Arterial blood gases ABG parameters (pH, PO₂, PCO₂, HCO₃-, SpO₂) were measured at baseline and on postoperative days 1-3. Linear mixed-effects models assessed group differences in ABG trajectories; slope analyses quantified decline and recovery phases. Secondary outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS) and Post-operative pulmonary complications incidence.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Liver Transplant Disorder

Interventions

Incentive SpirometryDEVICE

An intensive spirometry (IS) is a device that measures inhaled air volume and provides visual feedback as a piston rises during inspiration. It is widely used in respiratory and physical therapy to encourage slow, deep breathing, which helps expand the lungs, open airways, and mimic the natural deep breaths seen in yawning or sighing.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 65 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: 1. age between 18 and 65 years, 2. scheduled to undergo Living Donor Liver Transplant (LDLT) as recipients 3. able to understand and follow instructions for incentive spirometry use Exclusion Criteria: 1. multiorgan transplantation 2. moderate-to-severe pleural effusion at baseline 3. persistent elevation in renal function tests 4. history of bleeding esophageal varices within the preceding month 5. multicentric hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) 6. active smoking 7. decompensated cardiac disease 8. alcoholic hepatitis as the primary etiology 9. cognitive impairment or blindness precluding participation in the rehabilitation protocol.

Locations (1)

El Sahel Teaching hospital

Cairo, Egypt

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Arterial blood gas (ABG) parameters

Arterial pH

Time frame: 3 days (assessed at four time points: baseline (within 48 hours before surgery) and on post-operative days 1, 2, and 3)

Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) parameters

(2) partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2, mmHg)

Time frame: 3 days (assessed at four time points: baseline (within 48 hours before surgery) and at day 1,2, and 3 post-surgery)

Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) parameters

(3) Partial pressure of oxygen (PO2, mmHg)

Time frame: 3 days (assessed at four time points: baseline (within 48 hours before surgery) and at day 1, 2, and 3 post-surgery)

Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Parameters

(4) bicarbonate concentration (HCO3-, mEq/L)

Time frame: 3 days (assessed at four time points: baseline (within 48 hours before surgery) and at day 1, 2, and 3 post-surgery)

Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Parameters

(5) Oxygen saturation (SpO2, %).

Time frame: 3 days (assessed at four time points: baseline (within 48 hours before surgery) and at day 1, 2, and 3 post-surgery)

Secondary Outcomes

length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay

The length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (days)

Time frame: Perioperative period (Hospital stay duration)

hospital stay

total length of hospital stay (days)

Time frame: Perioperative period (Hospital Stay duration)

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.