Motor Development Assessment and Support for Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders

N/ANot Yet RecruitingNCT07323004

Aiyoudong Children and Youth Sports Health Research Institute100 enrolled

Overview

On the one hand, it helps to understand the motor development of preschool children, so as to provide early intervention means for the prevention of motor retardation and promote the healthy development of preschool children, and on the other hand, different motor intervention strategies are formulated according to the developmental characteristics of children with different core symptoms. It is of great academic value to verify the effectiveness of the program through empirical research on exercise intervention and promote the improvement of motor and cognitive development of children with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

NON_RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

100

Conditions

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Interventions

This intervention combines traditional rehabilitation techniques (e.g., occupational therapy and physical therapy focusing on fine and gross motor skills) with a structured, age-appropriate characteristic exercise program. The program includes dynamic balance training, sensory-motor integration activities, rhythmic movement games, and core stability exercises. * Frequency: 3 sessions per week * Duration: 45 minutes per session * Total Intervention Period: 12 weeks * Distinguishing Feature: The inclusion of customized play-based movement training and sensory-motor games designed specifically to support neurodevelopmental improvement in young children with motor delays.

Traditional RehabilitationBEHAVIORAL

Participants will receive conventional rehabilitation therapy, including basic motor skill exercises, postural control training, and therapist-led occupational therapy sessions aimed at improving daily motor function. * Frequency: 3 sessions per week * Duration: 45 minutes per session * Total Intervention Period: 12 weeks * Distinguishing Feature: This group receives only traditional rehabilitation techniques without any additional structured or characteristic physical activity component.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 4 YearsMax age: 12 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Children aged 4 to 12 years * Born at full term (gestational age ≥ 37 weeks and \< 42 weeks) * Provided informed consent signed by their legal guardian * For the ADHD group: * Diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by a qualified physician (e.g., child psychiatrist or psychologist) according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria * For the typical development (control) group: * No symptoms related to ADHD (e.g., inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity) * Normal scores on parent- and teacher-rated behavioral questionnaires (e.g., CBCL, SDQ) * No history of neurological or psychiatric disorders Exclusion Criteria: * Diagnosis of other neurodevelopmental disorders, such as: * Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) * Learning disabilities * Epilepsy, cerebral palsy, or other neurological conditions * Developmental quotient (DQ) \< 85, as measured by standardized tools (e.g., Gesell scale) * Significant visual or hearing impairments, or congenital malformations * History of high-risk birth events, including but not limited to: * Severe birth asphyxia * Intrauterine infections * Presence of genetic or metabolic disorders, or severe dysfunction of vital organs * For the ADHD group: comorbid psychiatric conditions (e.g., schizophrenia, severe mood disorders)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Change in Gross Motor Development

Assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3), which evaluates locomotor and object control skills.The scoring ranges from the lowest score of 0 to the highest score of 104 points, and the higher the score, the better the level of motor development.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 6 (midpoint), and Week 12 (post-intervention)

Change in Motor Coordination

Evaluated with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition (MABC-2), which measures manual dexterity, aiming and catching, and balance skills.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

Change in Health-Related Physical Fitness

Standing long jump (centimeters)

Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

Change in Health-Related Physical Fitness

Continuous two-foot jump (times)

Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

Change in Health-Related Physical Fitness

10m shuttle run (seconds)

Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

Change in Health-Related Physical Fitness

Balance Beam Walk

Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

Change in Gross Motor Development

Assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3), which evaluates locomotor and object control skills.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 6 (midpoint), and Week 12 (post-intervention)

Secondary Outcomes

Change in gait velocity (single task condition)

In single-task conditions, gait speed is measured using a plantar pressure system and reported in meters per second (m/s).