The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of ascending single orally administered doses of F-02-2-Na in adult subjects (to include the Mass Balance) \& multiple orally administered doses of F-02-2-Na in adult subjects with Hyperuricemia.
* Part 1: Approximately 39 subjects will be enrolled, 6 groups A1-A6 are predefined (A1 will enroll 3 subjects and A2\&A6 will enroll 6 subjects, A3A4A5 will enroll 8 subjects). The planned dose escalation of F-02-2-Na will include 6-ascending single-dose cohorts with tentative PO doses ranging from 0.5 mg to 200 mg. Subjects in each SAD cohort will be randomly assigned to receive active drug or matching placebo in a 2:1 or 3:1 ratio (n=2 or 4 or 6 subjects to receive F-02-2-Na, n=1 or 2 subjects will be administered placebo).Safety and PKPD assessments will continue for 72 hours post dose, with discharge from the Phase I Clinical Research Center following completion of all 72-hour procedures on Day 4. Subjects will receive a phone call for an End-of-Study (EOS) follow-up on Day 7 (±1 day).In SAD A3 (25 mg), collected blood, urine, and feces will be used for the mass balance study. * Part 2: Approximately 30 subjects will be enrolled.Three dose groups (B1\~B3) are predefined, with 10 subjects per group (including 2 subjects receiving placebo). The administration doses are 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg respectively, administered once daily for 7 consecutive days (a total of 7 administrations).After subjects complete the collection of pharmacokinetic and pharmacokinetics blood \& urine samples at 72.0 hours post-administration and undergo relevant examinations, they may leave the Phase I Clinical Research Center upon completion of all tests .
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
69
The intervention involves the single oral administration of F-02-2-Na tablets at a dose of 0.5 mg, given once in a fasting state (after at least 10 hours of fasting). The drug is formulated as film-coated tablets with a strength of 1 mg per tablet, manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250901). Safety and PKPD parameters will be continuously monitored for 72 hours following administration.
The intervention consists of the single oral administration of a matching placebo (0.5mg) for F-02-2-Na. Formulated as film-coated tablets (consistent with F-02-2-Na in appearance, color, and strength), the placebo contains no F-02-2-Na or other pharmacologically active ingredients and is manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). The administration conditions are identical to those of the experimental arm in this study; however, it has no therapeutic effect.
Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Safety and tolerability: Adverse Events (AEs) of ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na in adult subjects.
Incidence, severity, and seriousness of adverse events (AEs) following ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na in adult subjects.
Time frame: 0-72 hours post dose
Safety and Tolerability: Concomitant Medications of ascending single and multiple oral doses in Adult Subjects
Proportion of adult Subjects Using Concomitant Medications During Treatment during treatment with ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na.
Time frame: 0-72 hours post dose
Safety and Tolerability: Electrocardiogram (ECG) Findings ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects
Proportion of adult subjects with abnormal findings in electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters (including PR interval, QRS duration, QT/QTc interval, heart rate, and rhythm) following ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Proportion of subjects with abnormal hematology findings following ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na.
Proportion of subjects with clinically significant abnormalities in hematology parameters (e.g., hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, white blood cell count with differential, platelet count).
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Proportion of subjects with abnormal coagulation findings following ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na.
Proportion of adult subjects with clinically significant abnormalities in coagulation parameters (e.g., PT, INR, aPTT).
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Proportion of subjects with abnormal urinalysis findings following ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na.
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The intervention involves the single oral administration of F-02-2-Na tablets at a dose of 5mg, given once in a fasting state (after at least 10 hours of fasting). The drug is formulated as film-coated tablets with a strength of 5mg per tablet, manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). Safety and PKPD parameters will be continuously monitored for 72 hours following administration.
The intervention consists of the single oral administration of a matching placebo (5mg) for F-02-2-Na. Formulated as film-coated tablets (consistent with F-02-2-Na in appearance, color, and strength), the placebo contains no F-02-2-Na or other pharmacologically active ingredients and is manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). The administration conditions are identical to those of the experimental arm in this study; however, it has no therapeutic effect.
The intervention involves the single oral administration of F-02-2-Na tablets at a dose of 25mg, given once in a fasting state (after at least 10 hours of fasting). The drug is formulated as film-coated tablets with a strength of 5mg/10mg per tablet, manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). Safety and PKPD parameters will be continuously monitored for 72 hours following administration. In SAD A3 (25 mg), collected blood, urine, and feces will be used for the mass balance study.
The intervention consists of the single oral administration of a matching placebo (25mg) for F-02-2-Na. Formulated as film-coated tablets (consistent with F-02-2-Na in appearance, color, and strength), the placebo contains no F-02-2-Na or other pharmacologically active ingredients and is manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). The administration conditions are identical to those of the experimental arm in this study; however, it has no therapeutic effect.
The intervention involves the single oral administration of F-02-2-Na tablets at a dose of 75mg, given once in a fasting state (after at least 10 hours of fasting). The drug is formulated as film-coated tablets with a strength of 5mg/10mg/50mg per tablet, manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). Safety and PKPD parameters will be continuously monitored for 72 hours following administration.
The intervention consists of the single oral administration of a matching placebo (75mg) for F-02-2-Na. Formulated as film-coated tablets (consistent with F-02-2-Na in appearance, color, and strength), the placebo contains no F-02-2-Na or other pharmacologically active ingredients and is manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). The administration conditions are identical to those of the experimental arm in this study; however, it has no therapeutic effect.
The intervention involves the single oral administration of F-02-2-Na tablets at a dose of 150 mg, given once in a fasting state (after at least 10 hours of fasting). The drug is formulated as film-coated tablets with a strength of 50mg per tablet, manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). Safety and PKPD parameters will be continuously monitored for 72 hours following administration.
The intervention consists of the single oral administration of a matching placebo (150 mg) for F-02-2-Na. Formulated as film-coated tablets (consistent with F-02-2-Na in appearance, color, and strength), the placebo contains no F-02-2-Na or other pharmacologically active ingredients and is manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). The administration conditions are identical to those of the experimental arm in this study; however, it has no therapeutic effect.
The intervention involves the single oral administration of F-02-2-Na tablets at a dose of 200 mg, given once in a fasting state (after at least 10 hours of fasting). The drug is formulated as film-coated tablets with a strength of 50mg per tablet, manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). Safety and PKPD parameters will be continuously monitored for 72 hours following administration.
The intervention consists of the single oral administration of a matching placebo (200 mg) for F-02-2-Na. Formulated as film-coated tablets (consistent with F-02-2-Na in appearance, color, and strength), the placebo contains no F-02-2-Na or other pharmacologically active ingredients and is manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). The administration conditions are identical to those of the experimental arm in this study; however, it has no therapeutic effect.
The intervention involves the multiple oral administrations of F-02-2-Na tablets at a dose of 25mg, administered once daily for 7 consecutive days (a total of 7 administrations). The drug is formulated as film-coated tablets with a strength of 5mg/10mg per tablet, manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). Safety and PKPD parameters will be continuously monitored for 72 hours following administration.
The intervention consists of the multiple oral administrations of a matching placebo (25mg) for F-02-2-Na. Formulated as film-coated tablets (consistent with F-02-2-Na in appearance, color, and strength), the placebo contains no F-02-2-Na or other pharmacologically active ingredients and is manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). The administration conditions are identical to those of the experimental arm in this study; however, it has no therapeutic effect.
The intervention involves the multiple oral administrations of F-02-2-Na tablets at a dose of 50mg, administered once daily for 7 consecutive days (a total of 7 administrations). The drug is formulated as film-coated tablets with a strength of 50mg per tablet, manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). Safety and PKPD parameters will be continuously monitored for 72 hours following administration.
The intervention consists of the multiple oral administrations of a matching placebo (50mg) for F-02-2-Na. Formulated as film-coated tablets (consistent with F-02-2-Na in appearance, color, and strength), the placebo contains no F-02-2-Na or other pharmacologically active ingredients and is manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). The administration conditions are identical to those of the experimental arm in this study; however, it has no therapeutic effect.
The intervention involves the multiple oral administrations of F-02-2-Na tablets at a dose of 100mg, administered once daily for 7 consecutive days (a total of 7 administrations). The drug is formulated as film-coated tablets with a strength of 50mg per tablet, manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). Safety and PKPD parameters will be continuously monitored for 72 hours following administration.
The intervention consists of the multiple oral administrations of a matching placebo (100mg) for F-02-2-Na. Formulated as film-coated tablets (consistent with F-02-2-Na in appearance, color, and strength), the placebo contains no F-02-2-Na or other pharmacologically active ingredients and is manufactured by Guangdong Hengqin Novagains Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (batch number: 250101). The administration conditions are identical to those of the experimental arm in this study; however, it has no therapeutic effect.
Proportion of adult subjects with clinically significant abnormalities in urinalysis parameters (e.g., protein, glucose, blood, microscopic examination)
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Proportion of subjects with abnormal clinical chemistry findings following ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na
Incidence of clinically significant abnormalities in clinical chemistry parameters (e.g., sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, ALT, AST, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, BUN, glucose).
Time frame: pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Proportion of subjects with abnormal renal morphology following administration of F-02-2-Na
Proportion of adult subjects with abnormal renal morphology as assessed by Renal Color Doppler Ultrasonography (Renal CDU) following ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Proportion of subjects with abnormal pelvicalyceal system findings following administration of F-02-2-Na
Proportion of adult subjects with abnormal pelvicalyceal system findings as assessed by Renal CDU following ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours post dose
Proportion of subjects with abnormal renal vascular hemodynamics following administration of F-02-2-Na
Proportion of adult subjects with abnormal renal vascular hemodynamics as assessed by Renal CDU following ascending single and multiple oral doses of F-02-2-Na.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours post dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of F-02-2-Na in healthy Adult Subjects
To evaluate the Pharmacokinetic parameters:Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of F-02-2-Na following ascending single oral doses in healthy adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours post dose
Area Under the Concentration (AUC0-t) of F-02-2-Na in healthy Adult Subjects
To evaluate the Pharmacokinetic parameters:Area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to the last quantifiable concentration (AUC0-t) of F-02-2-Na following ascending single oral doses in healthy adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours post dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Area Under the Concentration (AUC0-∞) of F-02-2-Na in healthy Adult Subjects
To evaluate the Pharmacokinetic parameters: Area Under the Concentration-Time Curve from Time 0 to Extrapolated Infinity (AUC0-∞) of F-02-2-Na following ascending single oral doses in healthy adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours post dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Time to Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects
To evaluate the Pharmacokinetic parameters:Time to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) of F-02-2-Na following ascending single and multiple oral doses in adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Terminal Elimination Half-Life (t1/2) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects
To evaluate the Pharmacokinetic Parameters:Terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) of F-02-2-Na following ascending single and multiple oral doses in adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Mean Residence Time from Time 0 to Last Quantifiable Concentration (MRT0-t) of F-02-2-Na in Healthy Adult Subjects
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters:Mean residence time from time 0 to the last quantifiable concentration (MRT0-t) of F-02-2-Na following ascending single oral doses in healthy adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours post dose.
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Mean Residence Time from Time 0 to Extrapolated Infinity (MRT0-∞) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Mean residence time from time 0 to extrapolated infinity (MRT0-∞) of F-02-2-Na following ascending single and multiple oral doses in adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours post dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Apparent Clearance/Bioavailability (CL/F) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Apparent clearance normalized to bioavailability (CL/F) of F-02-2-Na following ascending single and multiple oral doses in adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Apparent Volume of Distribution at Steady State (Vz/F) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Apparent volume of distribution at steady state (Vz/F) of F-02-2-Na following ascending single and multiple oral doses in adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Terminal Elimination Rate Constant (Kel) of F-02-2-Na in Healthy Adult Subjects
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Terminal elimination rate constant (Kel) of F-02-2-Na following ascending single oral doses in healthy adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Minimum Steady-State Plasma Concentration (Css_min) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Minimum Steady-State Plasma Concentration (Css\_min) of F-02-2-Na following ascending multiple oral doses in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Maximum Steady-State Plasma Concentration (Css_max) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Maximum Steady-State Plasma Concentration (Css\_max) of F-02-2-Na following ascending multiple oral doses in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Average Steady-State Plasma Concentration (Css_av) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Average Steady-State Plasma Concentration (Css\_av) of F-02-2-Na following ascending multiple oral doses in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Area Under the Concentration (AUCss,0-t) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Area Under the Steady-State Concentration-Time Curve from Time 0 to Last Quantifiable Concentration (AUCss,0-t) of F-02-2-Na following ascending multiple oral doses in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Area Under the Concentration (AUCss,0-∞) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Area Under the Steady-State Concentration-Time Curve from Time 0 to Extrapolated Infinity(AUCss,0-∞) of F-02-2-Na following ascending multiple oral doses in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Area Under the Concentration (AUC0-tau) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Area Under the Concentration-Time Curve over One Dosing Interval (AUC0-tau) of F-02-2-Na following ascending multiple oral doses in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Accumulation Ratio (Rac) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Accumulation Ratio (Rac) of F-02-2-Na following ascending multiple oral doses in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Pharmacokinetic Profile: Degree of Fluctuation (DF) of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia
To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters: Degree of Fluctuation (DF) of F-02-2-Na following ascending multiple oral doses in Adult Subjects with Hyperuricemia.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose
Mass Balance: Total Renal Excretion Amount of F-02-2-Na in Healthy Adult Subjects
Total amount of F-02-2-Na excreted via the renal route (expressed as absolute amount or percentage of administered dose), estimated from urinary drug concentrations in healthy adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours post dose.
Mass Balance: Fecal Excretion Rate of F-02-2-Na in Healthy Adult Subjects
Rate of F-02-2-Na excretion via the fecal route, estimated from fecal drug concentrations in healthy adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours post dose.
Mass Balance: Total Fecal Excretion Amount of F-02-2-Na in Healthy Adult Subjects
Total amount of F-02-2-Na excreted via the fecal route (expressed as absolute amount or percentage of administered dose), estimated from fecal drug concentrations in healthy adult subjects.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours post dose.
Explore the dose-exposure-effect relationship:Correlation between Exposure Parameters of F-02-2-Na and Serum Uric Acid (sUA) Reduction in Adult Subjects
Correlation analysis between pharmacokinetic exposure parameters (e.g., Cmax, AUC0-∞, AUCss,0-tau) of F-02-2-Na tablets and the degree of serum uric acid (sUA) reduction in adult subjects. The correlation will be evaluated using statistical methods.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Exploration of Potential Biomarkers Associated with the Pharmacodynamics of F-02-2-Na in Adult Subjects
Exploration and identification of potential biomarkers (e.g., molecular, genetic, or biochemical markers) associated with the pharmacodynamic effects of F-02-2-Na tablets in adult subjects, through analysis of biological samples (e.g., blood, urine) collected during the study.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Absolute Change in Serum Uric Acid (sUA) Levels in Adult Subjects After Single and Multiple Oral Administrations of F-02-2-Na
To evaluate the absolute change in serum uric acid (sUA) levels in adult subjects after single and multiple oral administrations of F-02-2-Na. The absolute change is calculated as the difference between sUA levels at each predefined time point and the baseline sUA level (absolute change = sUA level at predefined time point - baseline sUA level).
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Percentage Change in Serum Uric Acid (sUA) Levels in Adult Subjects After Single and Multiple Oral Administrations of F-02-2-Na
To evaluate the percentage change in serum uric acid (sUA) levels in adult subjects after single and multiple oral administrations of F-02-2-Na. The percentage change is calculated relative to the baseline sUA level at each predefined time point (percentage change = \[(sUA level at predefined time point - baseline sUA level)/baseline sUA level\] × 100%).
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Uric Acid Excretion (AeUR) in Adult Subjects After Single and Multiple Oral Administrations of F-02-2-Na
To evaluate the uric acid excretion (AeUR) in adult subjects after single and multiple oral administrations of F-02-2-Na. AeUR is defined as the total amount of uric acid excreted in urine within a specified time period (e.g., 24 hours or predefined intervals after administration), reflecting the cumulative excretion capacity of uric acid.
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Uric Acid Clearance Rate (CLUR) in Adult Subjects After Single and Multiple Oral Administrations of F-02-2-Na
To evaluate the uric acid clearance rate (CLUR) in adult subjects after single and multiple oral administrations of F-02-2-Na. CLUR is calculated as the ratio of uric acid excretion rate to serum uric acid concentration (CLUR = AeUR / AUC\_sUA), reflecting the efficiency of renal uric acid clearance, with the unit of volume per unit time (e.g., mL/min).
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Serum Uric Acid (sUA) Dynamic Change Curve in Adult Subjects After Single and Multiple Oral Administrations of F-02-2-Na
To evaluate the area under the curve (AUC) of the serum uric acid (sUA) dynamic change curve in adult subjects after single and multiple oral administrations of F-02-2-Na. AUC is calculated by integrating the sUA concentration-time curve over a predefined time period (e.g., AUC₀-t, AUC₀-∞), reflecting the total exposure level of sUA during the observation period, with the unit of concentration × time (e.g., μmol·h/L).
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.
Total 24-Hour Uric Acid Excretion in Adult Subjects After Single and Multiple Oral Administrations of F-02-2-Na
To evaluate the total 24-hour uric acid excretion in adult subjects after single and multiple oral administrations of F-02-2-Na. It is determined by collecting 24-hour urine samples, measuring the uric acid concentration in the urine, and calculating the total amount of uric acid excreted in 24 hours (Total 24-hour uric acid excretion = Urine uric acid concentration × 24-hour urine volume), with the unit of mass (e.g., mg/24h or mmol/24h).
Time frame: From pre-dose (baseline) to 72 hours after the last dose.