This clinical trial aims to determine whether broccoli sprout extract improves cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairment and to assess its safety. The main questions are: * Does broccoli sprout extract improve cognitive function in participants? * What side effects occur when participants take broccoli sprout extract?
Researchers will compare broccoli sprout extract to a placebo to evaluate their effectiveness in improving cognitive function in participants. Participants will: * Take dietary broccoli sprout extract or a placebo daily for 12 weeks. * Visit the clinic at screenig, 0, 6, and 12 weeks for checkups and tests
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
100
BSE 1,000 mg/day for 12 weeks
Placebo (crystalline cellulosel) 1,000 mg/day for 12 weeks
Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital
Yangsan, South Korea
RECRUITINGChange from baseline to 12 weeks in total Computerized NeuroCognitive Function Test score comprising verbal learning test, digit span test, and auditory continuous performance test
The change in total CNT score from baseline to 12 weeks, calculated as the sum of verbal learning test, digit span test, and auditory continuous performance test scores. Higher total CNT scores indicate better neurocognitive function across the domains of memory, attention, and sustained concentration. This composite measure assesses overall cognitive performance, where positive changes (increase in total score) indicate cognitive improvement and negative changes (decrease in total score) suggest cognitive decline.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change from baseline to 12 weeks in verbal learning test score
The change in verbal learning test score from baseline to 12 weeks, measuring memory and learning capacity. Higher scores indicate better verbal memory and learning ability. This assessment evaluates the ability to acquire, retain, and recall verbal information over multiple learning trials. Positive changes (increase in score) indicate improvement\*\* in verbal memory function, while negative changes (decrease in score) suggest a decline in verbal learning capacity.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change from baseline to 12 weeks in digit span test score
The change in digit span test score from baseline to 12 weeks, measuring working memory and attention span. Higher scores indicate better working memory and attention capacity. This assessment evaluates the ability to temporarily hold and manipulate numerical information in memory through forward and backward digit recall tasks. Positive changes (increase in score) indicate improvement in working memory capacity, while negative changes (decrease in score) suggest decline in attention and short-term memory function.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change from baseline to 12 weeks in auditory continuous performance test score
The change in auditory continuous performance test score from baseline to 12 weeks, measuring sustained attention and concentration abilities. Higher scores indicate better sustained attention and concentration capacity. This assessment evaluates the capacity to maintain focused attention and respond appropriately to auditory stimuli over an extended period. Positive changes (increase in score) indicate improvement in sustained attention function, while negative changes (decrease in score) suggest decline in concentration and vigilance capabilities.
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Time frame: 12 weeks
Change from baseline to 12 weeks in Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) total score
The change in MMSE-K total score from baseline to 12 weeks, providing a brief assessment of global cognitive function. Higher scores indicate better global cognitive function. This standardized instrument evaluates orientation, attention, memory, language, and visuospatial abilities. Positive changes (increase in score) indicate improvement in overall cognitive status, while negative changes (decrease in score) suggest decline in cognitive function.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change from baseline to 12 weeks in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration
The change in serum BDNF concentration from baseline to 12 weeks, measured in ng/mL or pg/mL. BDNF is a neurotrophin that plays a crucial role in neuronal survival, growth, and synaptic plasticity. Positive changes indicate increased BDNF levels associated with enhanced neuroplasticity and neuroprotection, while negative changes suggest decreased neurotrophic support.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change from baseline to 12 weeks in serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration
The change in serum MDA concentration from baseline to 12 weeks, measured in μmol/L or nmol/mL. MDA is a biomarker of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, reflecting cellular damage from reactive oxygen species. Positive changes indicate increased oxidative stress and cellular damage, while negative changes stress and improved antioxidant status.
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change from baseline to 12 weeks in serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity
The change in serum SOD activity from baseline to 12 weeks, measured in U/mL or U/mg protein. SOD is a key antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals, providing cellular protection against oxidative damage. Positive changes indicate enhanced antioxidant capacity and cellular protection, while negative changes suggest reduced antioxidant defense mechanisms.
Time frame: 12 weeks