This phase Ib trial tests the safety, side effects and best dose of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) delivered anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells (1XX BCMA CAR-T cells) in treating patients with multiple myeloma that has come back after a period of improvement (relapsed) or that has not responded to previous treatment (refractory). Anti-BCMA CAR-T cell therapy is a type of treatment in which a person's T cells (a type of immune system cell) are changed in the laboratory so they will attack cancer cells. T cells are taken from a patient's blood. Then the gene for a special receptor that binds to a certain protein, such as BCMA, on the patient's cancer cells is added to the T cells in the laboratory by a tool called clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9. The special receptor is called a CAR. Large numbers of the CAR-T cells are grown in the laboratory and given to the patient by infusion for treatment of certain cancers. Giving chemotherapy before CAR-T cells may decrease the number of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cells) in the blood and may help the 1XX BCMA CAR-T cells fight the cancer cells. Treatment with 1XX BCMA CAR-T cells may be safe, tolerable, and/or effective in treating patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: Dose Escalation: I. To evaluate the safety and toxicity of administering Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CAR-T) cells targeting BCMA to participants with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM). II. To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for anti-BCMA CAR-T cells. Dose Expansion: III. Determine whether administering conforming CAR T-cell product targeting BCMA to participants with RRMM increases the overall response rate (ORR) compared with historical data for non-CAR agents per International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) response criteria. IV. Determine whether administering conforming CAR T-cell product targeting BCMA to participants with RRMM lowers the Grade 2 or greater neurologic events to \<10% in RRMM. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: Dose Expansion: I. To describe the efficacy of conforming CAR-T cell product targeting BCMA in participants with RRMM. II. To evaluate the feasibility of manufacturing anti-BCMA CAR T-cells locally and ability to produce adequate quantities of vector positive T-cells. III. To evaluate the safety and toxicity of conforming CAR-T cell product targeting BCMA to participants with RRMM. EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the degree and impact of CAR-T persistence following anti-BCMA CAR-T cell infusion, on clinical outcomes and safety. II. Describe changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer - Quality of Life C30 questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30). III. To describe the efficacy of CAR-T cells targeting BCMA in participants with relapsed or refractory BCMA+ RRMM who were treated with product that did not meet one or more pre-specified release criteria (non-conforming product cohort). OUTLINE: Participants in both cohorts will undergo leukapheresis, receive lymphodepleting chemotherapy and then receive a single infusion of BCMA CAR-T therapy. After completion of study treatment, participants are followed up at 30, 60 and 90 days, 6 and 12 months, and then yearly for up to 15 years.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
30
Undergo Leukapheresis
Given Intravenously (IV)
Given Intravenously (IV)
Ancillary studies
Undergo biopsy
Undergo Blood, serum and urine collection
Given IV
Undergo radiographic imaging
University of California, San Francisco
San Francisco, California, United States
Proportion of participants with treatment-emergent adverse events
Proportion of participants with treatment-emergent adverse events of CAR-T in RRMM as graded by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE version 5.0), revised Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) grading criteria (for CRS grading), and the American Society for Transplantation and Cell Transplantation (ASTCT) Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) Consensus Grading for Adults (for neurotoxicity grading).
Time frame: Up to 12 months following CAR-T infusion
Proportion of participants who experience dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) (Dose Escalation)
The DLT evaluable analysis set includes all participants in the dose-finding part of the study who have received the target doses of anti-BCMA CAR-T cell product, and who have either experienced a DLT or were followed for the full DLT evaluation period. The trial observation period for dose limiting toxicities will conclude at day 30 (approximately 4 weeks after CAR-T cell infusion)
Time frame: Up to 30 days
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) (Dose Escalation)
The DLT evaluable analysis set includes all participants in the dose-finding part of the study who have received the target doses of anti-BCMA CAR-T cell product, and who have either experienced a DLT or were followed for the full DLT evaluation period (within 28 days following infusion of CAR-T cells targeting BCMA). The MTD is defined as the dose level immediately below that in which ≥ 2/6 participants experience a DLT.
Time frame: Up to 28 days
Best Overall Response Rate (BORR) (Dose expansion + MTD dose escalation cohort)
ORR is defined as the proportion of participants with stringent complete response (sCR), complete response (CR), very good partial response (VGPR), partial response (PR), as per International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria, as best overall response over the total population. ORR will be reported as proportion with 90% binomial confidence interval for the expansion cohort including the patients on MTD in the dose escalation cohort(s).
Time frame: Up to 12 months following CAR-T infusion
Proportion of participants with of severe neurologic events (Dose Expansion)
Incidence of severe neurologic events defined as grade 2 or higher will be reported as a proportion of the total participants by group.
Time frame: From initiation of study treatment to 12 months following CAR-T infusion, approximately 13 months total
Overall Response Rate (ORR) - Long term
The ORR from initiation of study treatment until disease progression or death from any cause will be reported as the proportion of participants with stringent complete response (sCR), complete response (CR), very good partial response (VGPR), partial response (PR), as per International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria. ORR will be reported as proportion with 90% binomial confidence interval for each cohort
Time frame: Up to 15 years
Median Duration of Response (DoR) - Beginning of response
The median duration of response measured for responders, from the documented beginning of response ( sCR, CR, PR or VGPR) (as per IMWG criteria) until progression or death from any cause along with 95% confidence intervals.
Time frame: Up to 15 years
Median Progression-free Survival from Study Entry (PFS-SE)
Progression-free Survival (PFS) is defined as the time from entry onto study until multiple myeloma progression or death from any cause. Where there is missing information, censoring of the data may be defined as the last date at which progression status was adequately assessed or the first date of unscheduled new anti-MM treatment and will be analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method for the expansion cohort including the participants on MTD in the dose escalation cohort.
Time frame: up to 15 years
Median DoR - First documented response
The median duration of response measured for responders is defined as the time from first response until multiple myeloma (MM) progression or death from any cause.
Time frame: up to 15 years
Median Overall Survival (OS)
The median overall survival is defined as the amount of time from study treatment until death and will be analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method for the expansion cohort including the participants on MTD in the dose escalation cohort.
Time frame: up to 15 years
Rates of MRD (-) and sustained MRD (-)
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The rates of participants determined to be MRD negative (MRD-) or positive for MRD (MRD+) will be reported as a percentage of participants.
Time frame: Up to 15 years
Proportion of participants who produced adequate quantities of product for infusion
To evaluate the feasibility of manufacturing anti-BCMA CAR T-cells locally and ability to produce adequate quantities of vector positive T-cells, the proportion of participants for whom BCMA CAR T-cell therapy is manufactured and meets pre-specified release criteria will be reported
Time frame: From initiation of BCMA CAR T-cell manufacturing to end of infusion, Up to 1 month
Proportion of participants who complete Car-T infusion study treatment
To evaluate the feasibility of manufacturing anti-BCMA CAR T-cells locally and ability to produce adequate quantities of vector positive T-cells, the proportion of participants successfully completed the BCMA CAR T-cell therapy is manufactured and meets pre-specified release criteria will be reported
Time frame: From initiation of BCMA CAR T-cell manufacturing to end of infusion, Up to 1 month
Proportion of participants with treatment- emergent adverse events - Long Term
The proportion of participants with treatment-emergent adverse events of CAR-T in RRMM, as graded by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE version 5.0), revised CRS grading criteria (for CRS grading), and ASTCT ICANS Consensus Grading for Adults (for neurotoxicity grading) From initiation of BCMA CAR T-cell manufacturing to end of long-term follow-up
Time frame: Up to 15 years