Safety and Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined With Compound Betamethasone in Arthroscopic Surgery for Rotator Cuff Injury With Shoulder Adhesion: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial

Overview

Background: Patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery for rotator cuff tears with shoulder adhesion often experience significant postoperative pain and stiffness. This study investigates whether adding a long-acting local anesthetic (Liposomal Bupivacaine) to a standard anti-inflammatory steroid injection (Compound Betamethasone) during surgery can improve outcomes. Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Approximately 70 eligible adult patients will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) the Combination Group, receiving an intra-articular injection of Liposomal Bupivacaine plus Compound Betamethasone after surgery, or (2) the Control Group, receiving Compound Betamethasone alone. Patients and outcome assessors will not know the group assignment. What participants will do: All participants will receive standard arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and adhesion release. They will be followed for 12 months after surgery, with assessments at multiple time points (from hours to months post-op) to measure pain levels, shoulder function, range of motion, and tendon healing via MRI. Main Goals: The primary goal is to compare the improvement in UCLA shoulder scores between the two groups at 12 months. Secondary goals include comparing pain scores, other functional scores (Constant-Murley), joint mobility, MRI findings, and safety (complication rates).

Study Design: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled clinical trial conducted at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Participants \& Sample Size: 70 patients (35 per group) with full-thickness rotator cuff tear and concomitant shoulder adhesion scheduled for arthroscopic repair. Sample size was calculated based on an expected difference in UCLA scores with 80% power and α=0.05, accounting for a 20% dropout rate. Interventions: Combination Therapy Group: After standard arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and capsular release, the shoulder joint will be injected with a mixture of Liposomal Bupivacaine and Compound Betamethasone under direct visualization. Active Control Group: After the same surgical procedure, the joint will be injected with Compound Betamethasone alone. Outcome Measures: Primary: UCLA Shoulder Score (assessed pre-op, 3, 6, 12 months). Secondary: Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain (assessed at 11 time points from pre-op to 12 months), Constant-Murley Shoulder Score, active range of motion (forward flexion, abduction), MRI evaluation of tendon healing using Signal-to-Noise Quotient (SNQ) of the supraspinatus tendon (distal and proximal), and incidence of complications (infection, re-tear, thrombosis, adhesion) within 12 months. Statistics: Data will be analyzed using SPSS. Continuous variables will be compared using t-tests or non-parametric tests as appropriate. Categorical variables will be compared using Chi-square tests. A p-value \<0.05 will be considered statistically significant. Ethics \& Registration: The study protocol will be submitted for approval to the Institutional Review Board of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. It will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines. This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Funding: Supported by the Internal Grant Program of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.