The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether pregnancy exercise or stretching exercise can improve sleep quality in third trimester pregnant women who experience sleep disturbances. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does traditional pregnancy exercise improve sleep quality more effectively than stretching exercise? * Does either type of exercise reduce anxiety levels that may affect sleep? Researchers will compare a pregnancy exercise group with a stretching exercise group to see whether one approach leads to better sleep quality. Participants will: * Attend guided exercise sessions twice a week for three weeks * Complete questionnaires about sleep quality, anxiety, and physical activity * Have basic health measurements taken (blood pressure, weight, height) before and after the program This study hopes to show whether moderate exercise can help pregnant women sleep better during the third trimester.
Sleep problems are very common during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, when physical discomfort, hormonal changes, and anxiety often make it difficult for women to rest well. Poor sleep can affect a mother's physical and emotional health, contribute to stress and fatigue, and may even influence labour and delivery outcomes. Although exercise is widely recommended during pregnancy, there is still limited research on which types of exercise are most helpful for improving sleep. This study aims to better understand whether traditional pregnancy exercise or stretching exercise can help improve sleep quality among third trimester pregnant women living in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan. Both types of exercise are commonly used in Indonesia, but their specific effects on sleep have not been directly compared in a structured research setting. A total of 60 pregnant women between 28 and 30 weeks of gestation will take part in the study. Participants are divided into two groups based on the midwifery clinic where they receive care. One group will participate in traditional pregnancy exercise, a structured program developed by the Indonesian Ministry of Health that includes breathing techniques, gentle movements, and relaxation. The other group will take part in a stretching exercise program, which focuses on improving flexibility and reducing muscle tension. Both programs run for three weeks, with two supervised sessions per week, each lasting about 45-60 minutes. Participants also receive a booklet and video materials so they can practise at home. To understand how these exercises affect sleep, participants complete several assessments before and after the program: * Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to measure sleep quality * Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) to assess anxiety levels * International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to evaluate overall physical activity * Basic health measurements such as blood pressure, weight, and height By comparing the results from both groups, the study will explore whether one type of exercise leads to greater improvements in sleep quality or anxiety. The findings may help midwives, health workers, and pregnant women choose effective, safe, and accessible exercise options to support better sleep during late pregnancy. The goal of this research is to promote healthier pregnancies by finding easy, non-medicinal ways to help expectant mothers sleep better and enhance their overall well-being.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
60
A structured exercise program for third-trimester pregnant women, following the Indonesian Ministry of Health guidelines. Includes breathing techniques, gentle movements, posture training, pelvic floor exercises, and relaxation. Conducted twice weekly for 3 weeks, 45-60 minutes per session, led by trained clinic staff.
A low-intensity stretching routine targeting major muscle groups to reduce tension and support comfort during late pregnancy. Conducted twice weekly for 3 weeks, 45-60 minutes per session, guided by trained clinic staff.
Midwifery clinics
Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Sleep quality, assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), measured at baseline and after the 3-week intervention period
Sleep quality is assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a validated questionnaire that evaluates sleep patterns over the previous one-month period. The PSQI consists of 19 self-rated items\*\* that generate seven component scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction. Each component is scored from 0 to 3, and the scores are summed to produce a global score ranging from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality. A global PSQI score greater than 5 is commonly used to define poor sleep quality. Participants complete the PSQI at baseline and again after the three-week intervention period to determine changes in sleep quality associated with the exercise programs.
Time frame: From enrollment and baseline measurement to completion of the 3-week exercise program
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