Biomarkers of Brain Injury in Children With Brain Tumors

Inclusion Criteria, Group A (treated with radiation): * Age 0-17 years old, AND * Diagnosed with primary brain tumor through surgery, biopsy, or other diagnostic method (e.g., for germinoma) at Uppsala University Hospital or at another university hospital in Sweden, AND * Referred for radiotherapy at Skandion Clinic in Uppsala and/or at their local hospital (in some cases), with/without the addition of other cancer treatments. Inclusion Criteria, Group B (treated without radiation/radiation naive): * Age 0-17 years old, AND * Diagnosed with primary brain tumor through surgery, biopsy, or other diagnostic method (e.g., for optic pathway glioma in neurofibromatosis type 1 and germinoma) at Uppsala University Hospital or at another university hospital in Sweden, AND * Not referred to radiotherapy and treated with/without the addition of other cancer treatments. Inclusion Criteria, Group C (healthy control group): * Age 0-17 years old at time of recruitment Exclusion Criteria, Groups A + B: * Diagnosed with a tumor only in the spinal cord (solitary spinal tumor). * Diagnosed with a tumor considered palliative already at diagnosis (e.g., diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma) Exclusion Criteria, Group C: * Have diagnosis of chronic disease that requires continuous medication. Exclusion Criteria, all groups: * Unable to provide informed consent due to language difficulties.