This study examined the effects of self-management education combined with follow-up telephone support on diabetes self-management, treatment compliance, and medication self-efficacy in adults with Type 2 diabetes. A total of 70 adults with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. Participants in the intervention group received diabetes self-management education and follow-up telephone support while the control group received usual care. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Diabetes Self-Management Scale, the Patient Adherence Scale for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment, and the Diabetes Medication Use Self-Efficacy Scale.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
70
The intervention consisted of a structured diabetes self-management education program and follow-up telephone support. Participants received three face-to-face education sessions focusing on diabetes self-management, treatment compliance, and medication use. Additionally, two structured follow-up telephone support calls were conducted over a two-month period to reinforce education, support adherence, and address participants' questions.
Konya City Hospital
Konya, Karatay, Turkey (Türkiye)
Diabetes Self-Management Scale
The level of diabetes self-management was assessed using the Diabetes Self-Management Scale. The scale evaluates participants' self-management behaviors across four sub-dimensions: glucose management, diet control, physical activity, and utilization of health services. A minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 10 is obtained from the total scale and sub-dimensions. Higher scores indicating higher levels of diabetes self-management.
Time frame: Baseline and end of the third month after discharge
Patient Adherence Scale for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment
Treatment adherence was assessed using the Patient Adherence Scale for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment, a validated self-report instrument developed to evaluate adherence behaviors in individuals with Type 2 diabetes. The scale assesses multiple dimensions of attitude and emotional factors, knowledge and personal factors, lifestyle change, feelings of anger, feelings, and behaviours appropriate for adherence, diet bargaining and feelings of denial. The highest score obtained from the scale is 150 and the lowest score is 30. As the score obtained from the scale decreases, the individual's adherence to treatment increases.
Time frame: Baseline and end of the third month after discharge
Diabetes Medication Use Self-efficacy Scale
Medication use self-efficacy was assessed using the Diabetes Medication Use Self-Efficacy Scale, a validated instrument measuring individuals' confidence in their ability to use diabetes medications despite potential barriers. The scale evaluates self-efficacy related to obligation, preoccupation, and anxiety associated with medication use. The lowest score in the scale is 19 and the highest score is 57. Higher scores indicate higher levels of medication use self-efficacy.
Time frame: Baseline and end of the third month after discharge
Glycated hemoglobin
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in mmol/mol. This data was obtained from routine blood test results recorded in health records at baseline (during hospital admission) and at the physician follow-up visit three months after discharge.
Time frame: Baseline and end of the third month after discharge
High-density lipoprotein
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) in mg/dL. This data was obtained from routine blood test results recorded in health records at baseline (during hospital admission) and at the physician follow-up visit three months after discharge.
Time frame: Baseline and end of the third month after discharge
Low-density lipoprotein
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in mg/dL. This data was obtained from routine blood test results recorded in health records at baseline (during hospital admission) and at the physician follow-up visit three months after discharge.
Time frame: Baseline and end of the third month after discharge
Total cholesterol
Total cholesterol in mg/dL. This data was obtained from routine blood test results recorded in health records at baseline (during hospital admission) and at the physician follow-up visit three months after discharge.
Time frame: Baseline and end of the third month after discharge
Triglyceride
Triglyceride in mg/dL. This data was obtained from routine blood test results recorded in health records at baseline (during hospital admission) and at the physician follow-up visit three months after discharge.
Time frame: Baseline and end of the third month after discharge
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