This prospective, observational study investigates the impact of repeated general anesthesia exposure on neuroinflammatory biomarkers and neurotrophic factors. The study will enroll 160 adult patients (aged 18-65 years) scheduled for elective cholecystectomy surgery, divided into two groups: patients with no previous general anesthesia exposure (n=80) and patients with at least one or more previous general anesthesia exposures (n=80). Serum levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) will be measured using ELISA method at two time points: preoperatively (baseline) and 24 hours postoperatively. Cognitive function will also be assessed at both time points. The primary objective is to evaluate whether multiple exposures to general anesthesia lead to significant differences in serum BDNF, IL-1β, and HMGB1 levels, reflecting changes in neurotrophic balance and neuroinflammatory response. This study aims to provide insights into the potential biochemical mechanisms underlying anesthesia-related cognitive changes and contribute original clinical data to the current literature on general anesthesia safety and neurobiological effects.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
160
Change in Serum BDNF Levels
Change in serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) concentration measured by ELISA method, comparing preoperative baseline levels with postoperative levels at 24 hours
Time frame: Preoperative (baseline) and 24 hours postoperative
Change in Serum HMGB1 Levels
Change in serum High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) concentration measured by ELISA method, comparing preoperative baseline levels with postoperative levels at 24 hours
Time frame: Preoperative (baseline) and 24 hours postoperative
Change in Serum IL-1β Levels
Change in serum Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) concentration measured by ELISA method, comparing preoperative baseline levels with postoperative levels at 24 hours
Time frame: Preoperative (baseline) and 24 hours postoperative
Correlation Between Biomarkers
Analysis of correlations between serum BDNF, IL-1β, and HMGB1 levels to evaluate the relationship between neurotrophic balance and systemic inflammatory response following general anesthesia
Time frame: At 24 hours postoperative
Comparison Between Single vs Multiple Anesthesia Exposure Groups
Statistical comparison of serum BDNF, IL-1β, and HMGB1 levels between patients with no previous general anesthesia exposure and those with previous general anesthesia exposure(s)
Time frame: Preoperative (baseline) and 24 hours postoperative
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