Early Education After a Heart Attack What is the purpose of this study? The main goal is to evaluate if a special nursing education and support program helps patients who have suffered a heart attack feel more confident in managing their own health. Researchers want to see if this extra support improves how patients care for their hearts through diet, physical activity, and quitting smoking. The study compares this new nursing strategy against the standard care patients usually receive. Who can participate? Participants must be 18 years of age or older. People who have recently had a heart attack requiring an urgent heart catheterization at the Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil. Exclusions: People with significant language barriers (Spanish), mental incapacity to follow recommendations, or those unable to attend in-person consultations cannot participate. What will happen during the study? Participants will be divided into two groups: Standard Care Group (Control): These participants will receive the usual medical follow-up and standard cardiac rehabilitation sessions (an average of 17 sessions focused on exercise and group education). Special Support Group (Experimental): In addition to standard care, these participants will have a specific nursing consultation consisting of 4 scheduled visits. These visits are a mix of in-person and telephone appointments.Nurses will provide personalized educational materials, such as infographics, and teach techniques to control blood pressure, improve diet, exercise safely, and manage emotions after a heart attack. Duration and Follow-up Each participant will be followed for approximately 8 months. During this time, they will be asked to complete several surveys about their lifestyle. Researchers will also review blood test results (cholesterol levels) from their medical records to track progress.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
256
Used to verify the patient's understanding of their condition and to motivate behavioral changes.
Specific counseling to improve adherence to the Mediterranean diet and address overweight or obesity
Interventions aimed at increasing motivation to quit smoking and reducing nicotine dependence
Personalized exercise recommendations tailored to the patient's clinical status
Professional support to address emotional well-being, detecting potential states of anxiety or depression following the acute event.
Continuous education and monitoring to ensure compliance with the prescribed pharmacological plan
Training the patient for autonomous monitoring of risk factors, such as blood pressure
Provision of adapted materials (infographics and written documents) to permanently reinforce healthy knowledge and behaviors
Upon hospital discharge, all patients are referred to a cardiac rehabilitation unit. The program consists of an average of 17 sessions focused primarily on the physical rehabilitation of the patient. Patients receive group-based health education provided by nursing professionals during these sessions.These rehabilitation sessions are typically completed within three months following the coronary event. Patients continue to receive medical and nursing attention through specialized care centers or primary care. Both groups receive optimal pharmacological treatment and general advice on cardiovascular health, including physical activity and diet.
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
RECRUITINGCardiac Self-Efficacy
His measure evaluates specific behaviors related to cardiovascular health using the Spanish-validated version of the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale (S-CSE). This tool consists of 12 items across three dimensions: symptom control, disease control, and activity maintenance. Each item is rated on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = not at all confident, 7 = completely confident). Total scores range from 12 to 84, where higher scores indicate better self-efficacy
Time frame: Experimental Group: measured at two time points: baseline (during hospitalization) and 8 months (post-coronary event). Control Group: measured only at the 8-month mark post-coronary event to evaluate the level of self-efficacy after receiving standard
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet
Measured using the MEDAS questionnaire (14 items). Higher scores indicate greater adherence to a heart-healthy diet
Time frame: Experimental Group: baseline and 8 months Control Group: 8 months only
Nicotine Dependence
Assessed using the Fagerström Test (6 items). Scores range from 0 to 10, where greater than or equal to 7 indicates high dependence
Time frame: Experimental Group: baseline and 8 months Control Group: 8 months only
Motivation to Quit Smoking
Evaluated through the Richmond Test (4 items). Scores range from 0 to 10; scores between 8-10 indicate high motivation.
Time frame: Experimental Group: Baseline and 8 months . Control Group: 8 months only.
Physical Activity Level
Measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). It categorizes patients into high, moderate, or low activity levels based on METs.
Time frame: Experimental Group: Baseline and 8 months Control Group: 8 months only.
Affective State (Anxiety and Depression)
Determined using the Goldberg Scale. It consists of two subscales (anxiety mayor o igual a 4 and depression greater than or equal to 2) to detect psychological distress
Time frame: Experimental Group: Baseline and 8 months Control Group: 8 months only
Lipid Profile
Clinical data collection of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides from medical records
Time frame: Experimental Group: Baseline and 8 months Control Group: 8 months only
Cardiac Rehabilitation Adherence
Exploration of patient inclusion, adherence (number of sessions attended), and group education received
Time frame: 8 months (for both groups)
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.