The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness and usability of a Gingko app based exercise training in middle and older aged adults. The main question it aims to answer is if the personalized Gingko app-based exercise is more effective in improving overall physical function than self-guided training with the NIA exercise booklet.
Individuals aged \>45 years will be recruited. All participants will complete app-based and other assessments at 3 time points(baseline, 6 weeks into the intervention, and after 12 weeks of intervention). Each participant will be asked to perform 3-4 sessions of exercise per week for 12 weeks. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the Gingko app-based exercise raining or NIA booklet based exercise training. The following assessments will be performed: App-based physical assessments of strength, aerobic capacity, and balance, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to assess physical activity levels, Short Form-12 (SF-12) to assess the quality of life ,Likert scale ratings and open-ended questions to assess user satisfaction and acceptability, Self-Efficacy Exercise Scale (SEE) to assess patient reported exercise self-efficacy.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
60
Participants in this group will receive personalized exercises from Ginkgo App
Participants in this group will first receive NIA booklet based exercise. After 12 weeks, they will crossover to the experimental group to receive personalized personalized exercises from Ginkgo App
App-based physical assessments of strength
The Ginkgo Active app will instruct and guide participants through a standardized upper-body, lower-body, and core exercise, measuring strength by repetitions completed within a set time or by the duration a position is held (based on the exercise and muscle group being tested)
Time frame: Change from baseline physical assessment at 12 weeks
App-based physical assessments of endurance
The Ginkgo Active app will instruct and guide participants through an endurance assessment using the Step-in-Place test. The participant stands upright next to a wall and positions one hand at a height midway between the patella (kneecap) and the iliac crest (top of the hip bone). The participant then marches in place for a specified duration, lifting the knees to the height of the hand. Rest breaks are permitted, and participants may hold onto the wall or a stable chair for balance. Endurance is assessed by recording the total number of times the right knee reaches the target hand height
Time frame: Change from baseline physical assessment at 12 weeks
App-based physical assessments of balance
The Ginkgo Active app will instruct and guide participants through a balance assessment using the single-leg stance test. Participants will be asked to maintain balance on one leg for up to 30 seconds. Performance is interpreted as follows: holding the position for less than 10 seconds indicates a need for balance training, whereas maintaining the position for 25-30 seconds indicates good, stable balance.
Time frame: Change from baseline physical assessment at 12 weeks
Weight Measurement
The weight will measured in kilograms
Time frame: Change from baseline physical assessment at 12 weeks
International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)
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The IPAQ is a 27-item self-reported measure of physical activity. The IPAQ assesses physical activity (walking, moderate \& vigorous activity, sitting) over the last 7 days, generating scores as Metabolic Equivalent (MET)-minutes per week (continuous) or by categorizing into low, moderate, or high activity levels (categorical). Scoring involves multiplying minutes per week for each activity type by assigned MET values (e.g., 8 for vigorous, 4 for moderate, 3.3 for walking) and summing them for total MET-minutes, then applying specific criteria for categories like minimum days/duration.
Time frame: Change from Baseline IPAQ score at 12 weeks
Short Form-12 (SF-12)
The SF-12 (Short Form-12) is a 12-item questionnaire measuring physical and mental health quality of life, yielding two key scores: the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and the Mental Component Summary (MCS). Scoring uses a norm-based method, where scores around 50 represent the U.S. average, with a standard deviation of 10 (e.g., 60 is one SD above average, 40 is one SD below). Higher scores generally indicate better perceived health and function, reflecting underlying domains like physical functioning, pain, vitality, and mental health.
Time frame: Change from Baseline SF-12 at 12 weeks
Participant Acceptability and Satisfaction
Participant-reported satisfaction, comfort, and ease of use assessed using a 5-point Likert scale and open-ended qualitative feedback.A Likert scale is a rating scale used in surveys to measure opinions, attitudes,and perceptions by asking respondents to indicate their level of agreement or disagreement with a statement. It consists of a series of statements with a symmetric range of response options, such as a five-point scale from 0="Strongly Disagree" to 5="Strongly Agree". This method allows for the collection of quantitative data to analyze subjective experiences.
Time frame: At the end of 12 weeks
Self-Efficacy Exercise Scale (SEE)
The Self-Efficacy Exercise Scale (SEE) assesses confidence in exercising despite barriers, typically with 9 items asking how confident you are (0-10 scale) to exercise 3x/week for 20 mins. Scoring involves summing responses (0-90 total) or averaging (0-10 score), with higher scores indicating greater self-efficacy.
Time frame: Change from Baseline SEE score at 12 weeks