Title: Effect of Tegileridine on Postoperative Bowel Function Recovery in Abdominal Surgery: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tegileridine, a biased μ-opioid receptor agonist, for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after abdominal surgery. The main question it aims to answer is: Is tegileridine superior to morphine in promoting the recovery of gastrointestinal function within 72 hours after abdominal surgery? Researchers will compare the experimental group (receiving Fumarate Tegileridine Injection) to the active control group (receiving Morphine Hydrochloride Injection). Both groups will also receive dexmedetomidine in their PCIA pumps. This comparison will determine if tegileridine is more effective for bowel recovery and has a better safety profile. Participants who are scheduled for elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia will: 1. Be randomly assigned to receive either a tegileridine-based or a morphine-based pain relief pump after surgery. 2. Use the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump for up to 72 hours postoperatively to manage their pain. 3. Be assessed for the time it takes for their bowel function to return (tolerating food and having gas or bowel movement). 4. Have their pain levels, overall recovery quality, sleep quality, and any side effects monitored during hospitalization. 5. Be followed up 30 days after surgery.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
152
Participants in this arm will receive postoperative analgesia via a Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia (PCIA) pump containing a sterile solution. The pump is filled with a 100 mL mixture of the investigational drug, Tegileridine Fumarate Injection, at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL, and the adjuvant drug, Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride Injection, at 2 μg/mL. The PCA pump is programmed with no continuous background infusion (0 mL/h). A loading dose of 20 mL is administered at the start. Thereafter, participants can self-administer a 4 mL bolus on-demand for pain relief, with a maximum allowable dose of 12 mL per hour and a lockout interval of 10 minutes between boluses. This intervention is planned for a duration of 72 hours following abdominal surgery.
Participants in this arm will receive postoperative analgesia via a Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia (PCIA) pump containing a sterile solution. The pump is filled with a 100 mL mixture of the active comparator drug, Morphine Hydrochloride Injection, at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL, and the same adjuvant drug, Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride Injection, at 2 μg/mL. The PCA pump parameters are identical to Arm 1: no continuous background infusion (0 mL/h), a 20 mL loading dose, a 4 mL on-demand bolus dose, a maximum limit of 12 mL per hour, and a 10-minute lockout interval. This intervention is also planned for a duration of 72 hours post-surgery. The sole distinction between the two arms is the core analgesic agent (Tegileridine vs. Morphine) within the otherwise identical PCIA regimen.
Proportion of participants with recovery of gastrointestinal function within 72 hours post-surgery.
Gastrointestinal function recovery is defined by the GI-3 composite endpoint: the ability to tolerate solid food (time to first tolerance of solid food) AND having either flatus (time to first flatus) or bowel movement (time to first bowel movement). The proportion is calculated as the number of participants who meet this composite endpoint within 72 hours after surgery divided by the total number of participants analyzed.
Time frame: Within 72 hours after abdominal surgery.
Time to GI-3 recovery.
The time (in hours) from the end of surgery until the participant first meets the GI-3 composite endpoint (tolerating solid food AND having flatus or bowel movement).
Time frame: From end of surgery up to 7 days postoperatively.
Time to first tolerance of solid food.
The time (in hours) from the end of surgery until the participant first tolerates solid food.
Time frame: From end of surgery up to 7 days postoperatively.
Time to first flatus.
The time (in hours) from the end of surgery until the participant has the first passage of flatus.
Time frame: From end of surgery up to 7 days postoperatively.
Overall Benefit of Analgesia Score (OBAS).
The OBAS is a composite score (range 0-28) assessing pain at rest, opioid-related side effects (vomiting, pruritus, sweating, shivering, dizziness), and satisfaction with analgesia. A lower score indicates a higher overall benefit. It will be assessed at 24h, 48h, and 72h postoperatively.
Time frame: At 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively.
Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) Score.
The QoR-15 is a 15-item patient-reported questionnaire assessing the quality of recovery after anesthesia and surgery. Total scores range from 0 (extremely poor quality of recovery) to 150 (extremely high quality of recovery).
Time frame: At 24 hours postoperatively.
Time to meet criteria for hospital discharge.
The time (in hours) from the end of surgery until the participant meets the standard discharge criteria of the participating center, as determined by the attending physician.
Time frame: From end of surgery through study completion, an average of 7 days.
Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) Score.
The RCSQ is a 5-item visual analog scale assessing nighttime sleep quality, including depth of sleep, sleep latency, awakenings, ease of returning to sleep, and overall sleep quality. Each item scores 0-100, and the mean of the five items is the total score, with higher scores indicating better sleep quality.
Time frame: Daily from postoperative day 1 to postoperative day 3 (assessing the previous night's sleep).
Resting pain assessed by Numerical Rating Scale (NRS).
Pain intensity at rest will be assessed using an 11-point Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), where 0 represents "no pain" and 10 represents "the worst pain imaginable".
Time frame: At 24, 48, 72 hours postoperatively
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