Adjuvant TACE in HCC With High-risk Recurrence Factors

Inclusion Criteria: * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) 0-1 at enrollment; * Child-Pugh class A or B7 (score 5-7); * having undergone radical hepatic resection at one of the study centers; * histopathologically confirmed HCC; * undergo hepatic angiography 4-8 weeks after surgery, with confirmation of no intrahepatic tumor staining; * have no prior systemic anti-tumor therapy for HCC; * have adequate organ and bone marrow function; * estimated life expectancy \>6 months; * present with at least one high-risk factor for recurrence (such as tumor rupture; maximum tumor diameter \>5 cm; multifocal tumors; microvascular invasion on postoperative pathology; Vp1/Vp2 portal vein invasion; lymph node metastasis confirmed by postoperative pathology; positive or narrow surgical margin; and Edmondson grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ differentiation). Exclusion Criteria: * absence of pathological confirmation of HCC; * diagnosis of other malignancies within the 5 years prior to enrollment; * a history of hepatic encephalopathy, liver transplantation, pleural effusion, ascites, or pericardial effusion with clinical symptoms after curative hepatectomy, as well as a history of drug allergy, active pulmonary tuberculosis, active syphilis infection, autoimmune disease, or long-term glucocorticoid use; * participants who have experienced severe infections within 4 weeks before the first dose, or who have previously received systemic anti-tumor therapy; * pregnant or lactating women are ineligible for participation; * participants who are unable to comply with the treatment regimen or complete the follow-up requirements.