Impact of C-Mill Rehabilitation on the Gut-Brain Axis in Parkinson's Disease

Relative abundance of bacterial and fungal taxa in fecal samples

Relative abundance of bacterial and fungal taxa determined by sequencing the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA and ITS1-IT2 regions from fecal samples. Unit of measurement: percentage of total sequencing reads(%).

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Alpha Diversity of the Gut Microbiota

Within-sample microbial diversity derived from sequencing of the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene and ITS1-ITS2 regions from fecal samples, expressed as an alpha diversity index. Unit of Measure: alpha diversity index value. Higher values indicate greater microbial diversity.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Beta Diversity of the Gut Microbiota

Between-sample microbial community derived from the sequencing of V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA and ITS1-ITS2 and expressed as a beta diversity distance. Unit of Measure: beta diversity distance. Higher values indicate greater dissimilarity between samples.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Distance Covered During the 6-Minute Walk Test

Functional walking capacity measured as the total distance walked during the 6-Minute Walk Test. Unit of Measure: meters. Higher values indicate better walking capacity.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Time Required to Complete the 10-Meter Walk Test

Walking ability assessed by measuring the time required to walk 10 meters at usual pace. Unit of Measure: seconds. Lower values indicate better walking performance.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Time Required to Complete the Timed Up and Go Test

Mobility and fall risk assessed by the time needed to stand up, walk 3 meters, turn, return, and sit down. Unit of Measure: seconds. Lower values indicate better functional mobility.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Balance Performance Assessed by the Berg Balance Scale

Balance measured using the Berg Balance Scale (range: 0-56). Higher scores indicate better balance and lower fall risk. Unit of Measure: total score.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Balance and Gait Performance Assessed by the Tinetti Scale

Balance and gait evaluated using the Tinetti Scale (range: 0-29). Higher scores indicate better mobility and lower fall risk. Unit of Measure: total score.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Fear of Falling Assessed by the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International

Concern about falling measured using the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International (range: 7-28). Higher scores indicate greater fear of falling. Unit of Measure: total score.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Motor Symptom Severity Assessed by the MDS-UPDRS Part III (Motor Examination)

Motor impairment evaluated using the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Part III, the Motor Examination section. Total score range from 0 to 132. Unit of Measure: total score. Higher scores indicate worse motor impairment.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Functional Independence Assessed by the Functional Independence Measure

Global functional status assessed using the Functional Independence Measure (range: 18-126). Higher scores indicate greater independence in daily activities. Unit of Measure: total score.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up

Severity of Constipation Assessed by the Constipation Scoring System

Constipation severity measured using the Constipation Scoring System questionnaire (range: 0-30). Higher scores indicate more severe constipation. Unit of Measure: total score.

Time frame: From enrollment to the 3 months follow-up