Painful bone spur is one of the causes of residual limb pain in individuals with traumatic lower extremity amputation and can be a significant problem in rehabilitation clinics. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on pain and size of bone spur in traumatic transfemoral amputees with painful bone spur. Twenty nine traumatic transfemoral amputees who had painful spur were randomized into two groups: Group 1 (ESWT + therapeutic exercise) and Group 2 (sham ESWT + therapeutic exercise). The visual analog scale for pain felt in the stump at rest and during walking with the prosthesis, the lower extremity functional scale, Houghton scale, Locomotor capacity index, and radiologically determined bone spur size were used as outcome measures. All participants were evaluated before, 4 weeks after, and 12 weeks after ESWT/sham ESWT application.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
29
Participants in Group 1 received a total of four sessions of ESWT, once a week for four consecutive weeks, with an intensity of 0.3 mj/mm2, a frequency of 4 Hz, and 1500 pulses/session
Balance-coordination and endurance-enhancing exercises, range of motion exercises, isometric and isotonic strengthening exercises were applied to patients in both groups five days a week for four weeks
Participants in Group 2 received a total of four sessions of sham ESWT, once a week for four consecutive weeks, with an intensity of 0 mj/mm2, a frequency of 4 Hz, and 1500 pulses/session
Gaziler Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital
Ankara, Turkey, Turkey (Türkiye)
Visual Analog Scale
Visual Analog Scale at rest and during walking with the prosthesis. It is a 10 cm scale, that 0 demostrates no pain and 10 indicates the most unbearable pain
Time frame: At baseline, 4 weeks post-application, and 12 weeks post-application
Lower Extremity Functional Scale
The scale can be scored from 0 to 80 points. Higher scores indicate better functionality.
Time frame: At baseline, 4 weeks post-application, and 12 weeks post-application
Houghton Scale
The total score ranges from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 12; higher scores indicate better performance and comfort.
Time frame: At baseline, 4 weeks post-application, and 12 weeks post-application
Locomotor Capacity Index
The maximum score is 42, and locomotor ability increases as the total score increases.
Time frame: At baseline, 4 weeks post-application, and 12 weeks post-application
Radiologically determined size of bone spur
Anterior-posterior/lateral X-ray images of the remaining femur are taken, and the size of the bony prominence is measured in millimeters.
Time frame: At baseline, 4 weeks post-application, and 12 weeks post-application
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