The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of two different online education courses (Oxford-Online and Mind-Online) for preventing stress related conditions among paramedics who have been working during a period of COVID-19 occurrence in Singapore. The study aims to: * Compare the efficacy of a locally-adapted version of internet-delivered cognitive training for resilience (Oxford Online) to an existing educational online training (Mind Online) on depressive symptom severity * Compare the efficacy of Oxford Online to Mind Online for improving posttraumatic stress symptoms, resilience, general psychological distress, anxiety symptoms, social support, work engagement, and health-related quality of life Participants will: * Complete an online battery of baseline questionnaires * Be randomised to receive 6 modules of either Oxford Online or Mind Online, delivered once per week over a 6-week period * Complete the same online questionnaire battery immediately following the intervention, and again at the 6-month and 12-month follow up
Aim 1 (Primary): To compare the efficacy of a locally-adapted version of internet-delivered cognitive training for resilience (Oxford Online) to an existing educational online training (Mind Online) on depressive symptom severity in a sample of paramedics recruited during the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. Aim 2 (Secondary): To compare the efficacy of Oxford-Online to Mind-Online for improving posttraumatic stress symptoms, resilience, general psychological distress, anxiety symptoms, social support, work engagement, and health-related quality of life in a sample of paramedics recruited during the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. Aim 3 (Economic): To evaluate the incremental cost and cost-effectiveness of Oxford Online in a sample of paramedics recruited during the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
63
The Oxford Online programme targets cognitive predictors of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. The core information is delivered in six 20-minute modules over a 6-week period. The modules include whiteboard videos to explain concepts, audio files for practicing concrete thinking, video testimonies and footage of paramedics on-call for use in experiential exercises. A trained online wellbeing coordinator will provide individual email feedback on participants' responses and send brief automated message reminders.
Mind Online is a series of six modules available online where participants read information and advice about stress, depression, posttraumatic stress, sleep problems, anger, and mindfulness. A trained online wellbeing coordinator will provide individual email feedback on participants' responses and send brief automated message reminders.
Duke-NUS Medical School
Singapore, Singapore
Change in Depression Symptoms
Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9)
Time frame: Change from baseline at post-intervention (6-8 weeks after baseline), 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Change in Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)
Time frame: Change from baseline at post-intervention (6-8 weeks after baseline), 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Change in Resilience
Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC)
Time frame: Change from baseline at post-intervention (6-8 weeks after baseline), 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Change in Rumination
Response to Intrusions Questionnaire (RIQ-s)
Time frame: Change from baseline at post-intervention (6-8 weeks after baseline), 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Change in Anxiety Symptoms
Generalized Anxiety Disorder seven item scale (GAD-7)
Time frame: Change from baseline at post-intervention (6-8 weeks after baseline), 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Change in Psychological Distress
General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)
Time frame: Change from baseline at post-intervention (6-8 weeks after baseline), 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Change in Burnout
Physician Work-Life Study's Single Item (PWLS)
Time frame: Change from baseline at post-intervention (6-8 weeks after baseline), 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Change in Social Support
Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)
Time frame: Change from baseline at post-intervention (6-8 weeks after baseline), 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Change in Work Engagement
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES)
Time frame: Change from baseline at post-intervention (6-8 weeks after baseline), 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Change in Health-related Quality of Life
EuroQol 5 Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D5L)
Time frame: Change from baseline at post-intervention (6-8 weeks after baseline), 6 months and 12 months post-intervention
Change in Posttraumatic Growth
Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI-SF)
Time frame: Change from baseline at 6 months and 12 months post-intervention (intervention completed 6-8 weeks after baseline).
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