Multiple Breathing Training on Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Muscle Strength in Older Adults

N/AActive Not RecruitingNCT07459153

Chulalongkorn University26 enrolled

Overview

This study were to investigate the effects of multiple breathing training on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, chest expansion, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), aerobic capacity, and dyspnea symptoms in older adults.

The study included 26 male and female older adults aged 60-75 years, who were divided into a control group (n = 13) that maintained usual daily activities and an experimental group (n = 13) that received multiple breathing training. The independent variable was multiple breathing training. Dependent variables included lung function (FVC, FEV₁, FEV₁/FVC, MVV), respiratory muscle strength (MIP, MEP), chest expansion, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), aerobic capacity, and dyspnea assessment.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Older Adults (60 - 85 Years Old)

Interventions

Multiple breathing trainingOTHER

The multiple breathing training program consisted of five structured breathing exercises designed to improve inspiratory muscle strength, expiratory muscle strength, and breath control. Each exercise was performed for three sets, and the total training duration was approximately 40 minutes per session. The program included the following components: Inspiratory Muscle Training (PowerBreathe device): Participants performed resisted inhalation to strengthen the inspiratory muscles (10 repetitions per set). Expiratory Muscle Training (Balloon with control device): Participants exhaled into a balloon while maintaining pressure according to their measured maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) (10 repetitions per set). Inspiratory Training (Tri-Flow device): Participants inhaled through the device to elevate and maintain the floating balls, promoting sustained inspiratory effort (10 repetitions per set). Expiratory Training (Windmill device): Participants exhaled to rotate the windmill, e

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 60 YearsMax age: 75 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Older adults aged 60-75 years, both male and female. * Not regularly physically active (exercising fewer than 2 times per week) during the 6 months prior to the study. * Cooperative, without communication problems, and able to follow instructions from the trainer. * No history of cardiovascular disease and no respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), etc. * No hypertension, or if diagnosed with hypertension, it must be well controlled, with resting blood pressure not exceeding 140 mmHg systolic and 90 mmHg diastolic. * Able to ambulate independently without assistance or assistive devices. * Willing to participate in the study and able to provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Any unforeseen events preventing continued participation in the study, such as injury from an accident or illness. * Attendance of less than 80% of the training sessions (fewer than 19 out of 24 sessions, including the basic training period). * Withdrawal of consent or unwillingness to continue participation in the study.

Locations (1)

Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University

Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Forced Vital Capacity; FVC

Participants were seated in a chair and wore a nasal clip during the assessment. They first performed three cycles of slow, normal breathing, followed by a demonstration of forced inspiration and expiration, and then returned to normal breathing.

Time frame: Change from Baseline FVC at 8 weeks.

Forced Expiratory Volume in One second; FEV1

Time frame: Change from Baseline FEV1 at 8 weeks.

Maximum Voluntary Ventilation; MVV

Participants were instructed to breathe in and out as quickly and forcefully as possible for 15 seconds.

Time frame: Change from Baseline MVV at 8 weeks.

Maximal Inspiratory Pressure; MIP

Participants were instructed to exhale fully to functional residual capacity (FRC), then place the mouthpiece securely and perform a maximal inspiratory effort sustained for 1-2 seconds.

Time frame: Change from Baseline MIP at 8 weeks.

Maximal expiratory pressure; MEP

Participants inhaled fully to total lung capacity (TLC), maintained a tight seal on the mouthpiece, and then performed a maximal expiratory effort for 1-2 seconds.

Time frame: Change from Baseline MEP at 8 weeks.

Secondary Outcomes

Chest expansion

Participants were instructed to sit upright with their hands placed on their hips. They were then asked to perform a maximal exhalation followed by a maximal inhalation. The researcher measured chest expansion using a measuring tape at the following anatomical levels: upper chest: at the axillary line, midway between the 2nd and 4th ribs, middle chest: at the level of the xiphoid process, midway between the 4th and 6th ribs, and lower chest: at the level of the 10th rib.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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