The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the effect of menstrual cycle phases on postprandial triglyceride concentrations in healthy young female adults. The main question it aims to answer is: do postprandial triglyceride concentrations differ between the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle? Participants will: visit the laboratory for a preliminary screening session to assess eligibility, and undergo two experimental sessions consisting of six hours of seated rest following the consumption of a high-fat meal (one session conducted in the early follicular phase, and one session conducted in the mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
14
In the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, participants will undergo 6 hours of seated rest after the consumption of a high-fat meal representing 33% of estimated daily energy expenditure and consisting of 59% of calories from fat.
In the mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, participants will undergo 6 hours of seated rest after the consumption of a high-fat meal representing 33% of estimated daily energy expenditure and consisting of 59% of calories from fat.
Behavioural and Metabolic Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Change from baseline in plasma total triglyceride concentrations
Plasma total triglyceride concentrations will be measured via colorimetric assays from venous blood samples collected upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and during the exposure (i.e., 0 or baseline, 30, 60, 90,120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 minutes).
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in plasma buoyant triglyceride concentrations
Plasma buoyant triglyceride concentrations will be measured via colorimetric assays from venous blood samples collected upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and during the exposure (i.e., 0 or baseline, 30, 60, 90,120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 minutes).
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in plasma denser triglyceride concentrations
Plasma denser triglyceride concentrations will be measured via colorimetric assays from venous blood samples collected upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and during the exposure (i.e., 0 or baseline, 30, 60, 90,120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 minutes).
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations
Plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations will be measured via colorimetric assays from venous blood samples collected upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and during the exposure (i.e., 0 or baseline, 30, 60, 90,120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 minutes).
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in plasma insulin concentrations
Plasma insulin concentrations will be measured via colorimetric assays from venous blood samples collected upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and during the exposure (i.e., 0 or baseline, 30, 60, 90,120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 minutes).
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in plasma glucose concentrations
Plasma glucose concentrations will be measured via colorimetric assays from venous blood samples collected upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and during the exposure (i.e., 0 or baseline, 30, 60, 90,120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 minutes).
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations
Plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations will be measured via colorimetric assays from venous blood samples collected upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and during the exposure (i.e., 0 or baseline, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 minutes).
Time frame: 6 hours
Baseline serum β-estradiol concentrations
Serum β-estradiol concentrations will be measured via colorimetric assays from venous blood samples collected upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline)
Time frame: Baseline
Baseline serum progesterone concentrations
Serum progesterone concentrations will be measured via colorimetric assays from venous blood samples collected upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline)
Time frame: Baseline
Fasting resting energy expenditure
Fasting resting energy expenditure will be measured via indirect calorimetry upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline).
Time frame: Baseline
Change from baseline in respiratory exchange ratio
Respiratory exchange ratio will be measured via indirect calorimetry upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline), and hourly for 6 hours following meal consumption.
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in desire to eat
Scores of subjective desire to eat, measured using visual analog scales. Measurements are performed upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and hourly during the 6-hour exposure. Scores will be measured using semantic differential scales in the form of 100-mm visual analog scales. For desire to eat, the question will be asked as follows: "How strong is your desire to eat?" (very weak (0 mm) - very strong (100 mm)).
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in hunger
Scores of subjective hunger, measured using visual analog scales. Measurements are performed upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and hourly during the 6-hour exposure. Scores will be measured using semantic differential scales in the form of 100-mm visual analog scales. For hunger, the question will be asked as follows: "How hungry do you feel?" (not hungry at all (0 mm) - as hungry as I have ever felt (100 mm))
Time frame: 6 hours
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Change from baseline in fullness
Scores of subjective fullness, measured using visual analog scales. Measurements are performed upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and hourly during the 6-hour exposure. Scores will be measured using semantic differential scales in the form of 100-mm visual analog scales. For fullness, the question will be asked as follows: How full do you feel?" (not full at all (0 mm) - very full (100 mm)).
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in prospective food consumption
Scores of subjective prospective food consumption, measured using visual analog scales. Measurements are performed upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and hourly during the 6-hour exposure. Scores will be measured using semantic differential scales in the form of 100-mm visual analog scales. For prospective food consumption, the question will be asked as follows: "How much food do you think you could eat?" (nothing at all (0 mm) - a large amount (100 mm)).
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in resting energy expenditure
Resting energy expenditure will be measured via indirect calorimetry upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and hourly for 6 hours following meal consumption. The thermic effect of food is defined as the increase in resting energy expenditure above the fasting baseline value.
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in carbohydrate oxidation rate
Carbohydrate oxidation rate will be measured via indirect calorimetry upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and hourly for 6 hours following meal consumption.
Time frame: 6 hours
Change from baseline in lipid oxidation rate
Carbohydrate oxidation rate will be measured via indirect calorimetry upon arrival at the laboratory (baseline) and hourly for 6 hours following meal consumption.
Time frame: 6 hours