The goal of this single-arm pilot clinical trial is to evaluate whether a group-based mindfulness intervention can improve mental health and sleep among parents who are informal caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The main questions it aims to answer are: Does participating in an 8-week mindfulness program reduce symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia in caregivers? Does participating in an 8-week mindfulness program improve mindfulness in caregivers? What are the caregivers' experiences in participating in the 8-week mindfulness program? Participants will: * Attend weekly group-based mindfulness sessions for 1.5 hours over eight weeks. * Complete assessments before starting the program (baseline) and immediately after the final session. * Participate in a qualitative feedback interview after the final session.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
30
Refer to the arm description
Change in stress level
Stress was measured using the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Possible scores range from 0 to 56, with higher scores indicating a higher stress level.
Time frame: Baseline, end of treatment at 8 weeks
Change in depressive symptoms
Depressive symptoms were measured using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Possible scores range from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating higher depression severity.
Time frame: Baseline, end of treatment at 8 weeks
Change in anxiety symptoms
Axniety symptoms were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7). Possible scores range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating higher anxiety severity.
Time frame: Baseline, end of treatment at 8 weeks
Change in insomnia symptoms
Insomnia symptoms were measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). It consists of 7 items. Possible scores range from 0 to 28, with higher scores indicating higher insomnia severity.
Time frame: Baseline, end of treatment at 8 weeks
Change in mindfulness ability
Mindfulness ability was measured using the 15-item Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-15). Possible scores range from 15 to 75, with higher scores indicating a higher mindfulness level.
Time frame: Baseline, end of treatment at 8 weeks
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