This pilot randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation using an immersive Virtual Reality (VR) system compared to conventional paper-and-pencil cognitive training in subacute stroke patients. A total of 22 participants will be randomly assigned to either the VR intervention group (n=11) or the conventional control group (n=11). The study will measure changes in cognitive function and functional independence
Cognitive impairment is a common and debilitating consequence of stroke that hinders functional recovery. This pilot study investigates immersive Virtual Reality (VR) as a novel, engaging modality for cognitive rehabilitation in subacute stroke patients. Twenty-two eligible subacute stroke patients treated at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital will be recruited and randomized into two parallel arms. The experimental group (n=11) will receive cognitive rehabilitation using an immersive VR system, while the active control group (n=11) will receive conventional cognitive rehabilitation using standardized paper-and-pencil tests. Both interventions will be administered alongside standard stroke rehabilitation care. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and post-intervention to evaluate cognitive improvement using the Indonesian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-INA) and functional activity using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
22
Intervention Description: Treatment Method: Participants will wear a fully immersive VR headset to engage in interactive, gamified virtual environments specifically designed to stimulate cognitive domains (memory, attention, visuospatial, and executive functions). Duration \& Frequency: Each VR session will last for \[30 to 45 minutes\]. The treatment will be administered at a frequency of \[3 sessions per week\] for a total duration of \[8 consecutive weeks\]. Standard Care: This intervention is provided in addition to the hospital's standard conventional stroke rehabilitation program (e.g., standard physical therapy).
Intervention Description: Treatment Method: Participants will perform standardized paper-and-pencil tasks, puzzles, and therapeutic worksheets guided by a therapist, targeting identical cognitive domains (memory, attention, visuospatial, and executive functions) as the experimental group. Duration \& Frequency: Each conventional session will last for \[30 to 45 minutes\] to match the experimental arm. The treatment will be administered at a frequency of \[3 sessions per week\] for a total duration of \[8 consecutive weeks\]. Standard Care: This intervention is provided in addition to the hospital's standard conventional stroke rehabilitation program.
RSUD Majalengka
Majalengka, West Java, Indonesia
Change in Cognitive Function Assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment - Indonesian Version (MoCA-INA)
The MoCA-INA assesses several cognitive domains including visuospatial/executive, naming, memory, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation. The total score ranges from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive function. A score of 26 or above is generally considered normal.
Time frame: Baseline and Post-Intervention (Week 8)
Change in Functional Activity Assessed by Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
The FIM is an 18-item measurement tool that explores an individual's physical, psychological, and social function. The tool assesses the level of independence a patient has in daily tasks. Total scores range from 18 to 126, with higher scores indicating a higher level of functional independence
Time frame: Baseline and Post-Intervention (Week 8)
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