This work aimed to assess the effect of regional climatic differences on postoperative bleeding in Egyptian patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, by comparing outcomes between patients from hot climate zones (Upper Egypt) and those from moderate climate zones (Lower Egypt).
Egypt experiences extremely high ambient temperatures, especially during the summer months, with daily highs frequently exceeding 40°C. Such climatic extremes can influence physiological homeostasis in surgical patients by altering fluid balance, cardiovascular strain, and hemostatic function. Seasonal and climatic variations have been linked to changes in cardiovascular surgical outcomes, including mortality, length of stay, and complication rates. Several large observational studies have noted increased bleeding or transfusion requirements in surgeries performed under certain environmental conditions, though findings remain inconsistent.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
400
Patients who underwent open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Al-Azhar University
Cairo, Egypt
Incidence of mortality
Incidence of mortality was recorded.
Time frame: 24 hours postoperatively
Incidence of morbidity
Incidence of morbidity was recorded.
Time frame: 24 hours postoperatively
Postoperative bleeding volume
Total postoperative bleeding volume within the first 24 hours after surgery, measured by cumulative chest tube drainage.
Time frame: 24 hours postoperatively.
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