Bulk-Fill Composite Restorations: Clinical Evaluation

Overview

This randomized controlled clinical study aims to evaluate the clinical performance of five different bulk-fill composite materials representing distinct technological approaches according to the World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria. The materials include a thermoviscous bulk-fill composite applied with preheating, a sonic-activated bulk-fill composite, a flowable bulk-fill composite, an ORMOCER-based bulk-fill composite, and a conventional bulk-fill composite. Restorations will be clinically assessed at baseline, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months for esthetic, functional, and biological outcomes.

This randomized controlled clinical follow-up study is planned to evaluate the clinical performance of posterior restorations performed with five different bulk-fill composite materials representing distinct technological approaches. The materials to be investigated include a thermoviscous bulk-fill composite applied with preheating, a sonic-activated bulk-fill composite, a flowable bulk-fill composite, an ORMOCER based bulk-fill composite, and a conventional bulk-fill composite. The study will be conducted in patients requiring direct posterior restorations. After cavity preparation and restorative procedures performed according to the manufacturers' instructions, restorations will be placed using the assigned bulk-fill composite material. Clinical evaluations will be performed according to the World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria. The restorations will be assessed in terms of esthetic, functional, and biological properties. Follow-up examinations will be carried out at baseline, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months. The primary aim of the study is to compare the short-term clinical performance of bulk-fill composite materials with different technological characteristics. The findings are expected to provide clinically relevant information regarding the effectiveness and reliability of these restorative materials in posterior teeth.