The goal of this study is to examine what type of front-of-package label (FOPL) would be most effective at discouraging consumption of products high in nutrients of concern in Indonesia. The main questions this experiment aims to answer are: 1. Would nutrient warning labels be more effective at discouraging consumption of products high in nutrients of concern compared to the Nutri-Level label? 2. Would nutrient warning labels improve consumers' ability to identify unhealthy products compared to the Nutri-Level label? Additionally, this experiment also aims to determine how should nutrient warning labels be designed to most effectively discourage consumption of products high in nutrients of concern among Indonesian consumers.
Participants will complete an online randomized experiment programmed in Qualtrics. Following online consent, participants will be randomly assigned to one of two arms: 1. Nutrient Warning Label 2. Nutri-Level Label (color-coded summary nutritional label). Participants will view four different products (sweet tea, sausages, instant noodles, and yogurt) carrying their assigned label and will answer a series of questions about the products and the labels. All participants will then see nutrient warning labels with different designs in random order, and will select the label design they consider to best signal when products have high in nutrients of concern. Survey questions will also include standard demographic and health related variables.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
1,191
Presentation of food products with one or more nutrient warning labels (black octagons) indicating that the product is high in sugar, salt, and/or fat.
Presentation of food products with a Nutri-Level summary nutrition label assigning a letter grade (A-D) based on sugar, salt, and/or fat content.
Carolina Population Center
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
Correct identification of products high in nutrients of concern
Correct identification of products as high in nutrients of concern will be measured categorically by survey. Response will be coded in a dichotomous 0-1 range, where 1 indicates that the participant correctly identified that the product was high in a nutrient of concern and 0 indicates that the participant did not correctly identify that the products was high in a nutrient of concern.
Time frame: During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey.
Purchase intentions
How likely participants would be to buy this product in the next week if it were available in a store will be measured by survey. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "extremely unlikely" (coded as 1) and "extremely likely" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing higher intent to purchase the product.
Time frame: During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey.
Attention drawn by the labels
How much attention the labels draw will be measured by survey. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "not at all" (coded as 1) and "extremely" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing more attention drawn by the labels.
Time frame: During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey.
Ease of understanding the labels
How easy or difficult the information presented by the labels is to understand will be measured by survey. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "very difficult" (coded as 1) and "very easy" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing higher ease of understanding the labels.
Time frame: During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey.
Perceived message effectiveness
Perceived message effectiveness will be measured by survey through a three-item scale. Items will inquire about how much participants perceive the labels to (1) discourage them from wanting to buy products with non-nutritive sweeteners for their child, (2) make them concerned about the health effects of their child consuming products with non-nutritive sweeteners, and (3) make buying products with non-nutritive sweeteners for their child seem unpleasant to them. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "not at all" (coded as 1) and "very much" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing a higher perceived message effectiveness. Each participant's responses to each item will be combined to obtain their final score on the outcome.
Time frame: During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey.
Perceived product healthfulness
How good or bad for the participant's health would it be to consume this product frequently will be measured by survey. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "very bad" (coded as 1) and "very good" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing higher perceived product healthfulness.
Time frame: During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey.
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