This multicenter prospective observational study aims to culturally adapt the Pediatric Quality of Recovery Scale into Turkish and to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version in pediatric surgical patients. Children aged 2 to 17 years undergoing elective outpatient or inpatient surgery under general anesthesia will be included. Postoperative recovery will be assessed using the Turkish version of the Pediatric Quality of Recovery Scale and a 0 to 100 millimeter visual analog scale, with age-appropriate child self-report or parent-proxy report.
This is a multicenter, prospective, observational methodological study designed to perform the Turkish cultural adaptation of the Pediatric Quality of Recovery Scale and to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version in pediatric surgical patients. The study will be conducted in tertiary care centers in Turkey among children aged 2 to 17 years undergoing elective outpatient surgery or surgery requiring postoperative hospitalization under general anesthesia. The cultural adaptation process will include forward translation, back translation, and expert review for content evaluation. Study instruments will include a personal information form, the Turkish version of the Pediatric Quality of Recovery Scale, and a 0 to 100 millimeter visual analog scale. For children aged 2 to 7 years, parent-proxy responses will be used, whereas children aged 8 years and older will provide self-reported responses. The scale and the global recovery perception assessment will be administered with reference to the participant's condition during the first 24 postoperative hours. Assessments will be performed at postoperative 24 hours and again at postoperative 2 weeks. Data will be collected by telephone for outpatient cases and by face-to-face interview for hospitalized patients. The study will evaluate construct validity, content validity, convergent validity, internal consistency, split-half reliability, and the relationship between assessments obtained at different time points.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
300
This is an observational validation study in which postoperative recovery questionnaires are administered to children aged 2 to 17 years, or to their parents or caregivers when appropriate, after elective surgery under general anesthesia. The study aims to evaluate postoperative recovery and assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Pediatric Postoperative Quality of Recovery Scale. No intervention is assigned by the study protocol.
Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medicine of Faculty
Bakırköy, Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)
Ankara Etlik City Hospital
Ankara, Yenimahalle, Turkey (Türkiye)
Construct validity of the Turkish version of the Pediatric Quality of Recovery Scale
Comparative Fit Index (CFI) from confirmatory factor analysis of responses to the Turkish PEDSQoR collected within the first 24 postoperative hours. A CFI value above 0.95 in the CFA supports that the proposed factor structure of the Turkish PEDSQoR shows a good fit to the data.
Time frame: Within the first 24 postoperative hours
Convergent validity of the Turkish version of the Pediatric Quality of Recovery Scale with the visual analog scale for global recovery perception
Convergent validity will be assessed by examining the correlation between scores on the Turkish version of the Pediatric Quality of Recovery Scale, a 20-item, 5-point Likert-type instrument with total scores ranging from 20 to 100, where higher scores indicate better postoperative recovery, and child- or parent-reported scores on a 0 to 100 millimeter Visual Analog Scale for global recovery perception, where higher scores indicate better perceived recovery, referring to the first 24 postoperative hours.
Time frame: Within the first 24 postoperative hours
Temporal agreement between 24-hour and 2-week retrospective assessments of recovery during the first postoperative 24 hours
The Turkish version of the Pediatric Quality of Recovery Scale (total score range 20 to 100, with higher scores indicating better postoperative recovery) and the 0 to 100 millimeter Visual Analog Scale for global recovery perception (with higher scores indicating better perceived recovery) will be administered at postoperative 24 hours and again at postoperative 2 weeks, with both assessments referring to the participant's condition during the first postoperative 24 hours. Agreement between the two assessment time points and associations between the two instruments will be evaluated.
Time frame: Postoperative 24 hours and postoperative 2 weeks
Internal consistency reliability of the Turkish version of the Pediatric Quality of Recovery Scale
Internal consistency reliability will be assessed using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the Turkish version of the Pediatric Quality of Recovery Scale. The primary reported value will be the total scale Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The scale is a 20-item, 5-point Likert-type instrument with total scores ranging from 20 to 100, with higher scores indicating better postoperative recovery.
Time frame: Within the first 24 postoperative hours
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