This observational study aims to compare heart rate variability (HRV) parameters obtained from different analysis durations in healthy adults and to examine how these parameters relate to resting blood pressure values. HRV is a noninvasive measure commonly used to assess autonomic nervous system activity. Standard short-term HRV analysis is typically based on 5-minute recordings, but shorter and longer analysis durations are also used in research and practice. This study will evaluate whether HRV values derived from 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows differ from one another and whether their relationships with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure change according to analysis duration. Participants will attend a single study visit. After a rest period, resting blood pressure and pulse will be measured, and a continuous HRV recording will be obtained using a chest strap device. The study is designed to provide methodological information on the comparability of different HRV analysis durations under the same physiological conditions.
Heart rate variability (HRV) is widely used as a noninvasive indicator of autonomic nervous system regulation and provides information about sympathetic-parasympathetic balance. Although 5-minute recordings are commonly recommended for short-term HRV assessment, interest has increased in ultra-short and longer analysis durations because they may improve feasibility and reduce participant burden. However, the extent to which HRV parameters derived from different analysis durations agree with one another remains uncertain, particularly when comparing time-domain and frequency-domain measures. In addition, limited research has systematically examined whether the relationship between HRV and blood pressure varies according to HRV analysis duration. This study is intended to address that methodological gap. This is a single-center, single-visit, observational methodological comparison study in healthy adults. Eligible participants will complete a sociodemographic data form and will undergo resting hemodynamic assessment and HRV recording under standardized conditions. Measurements will be performed in a quiet environment after an adaptation period. Resting systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse will be measured using an automated oscillometric upper-arm blood pressure monitor. RR interval data will then be recorded continuously using the Polar H10 chest strap and analyzed using Kubios HRV software. HRV analyses will be derived from a single continuous recording using predefined analysis windows of 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes. These windows will be extracted from the same physiological recording in order to minimize time-related variation and allow direct comparison across durations. Time-domain and frequency-domain HRV parameters will be calculated, and the agreement and comparability of measurements across analysis durations will be evaluated. Associations between HRV parameters and resting hemodynamic variables, including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and pulse, will also be examined according to analysis duration. The study is expected to provide methodological evidence regarding whether shorter or longer HRV analysis durations can be interpreted consistently relative to standard short-term recordings. The findings may help improve protocol standardization and support more accurate physiological and clinical interpretation of HRV data obtained under resting conditions.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
40
Participants will complete a single-visit resting physiological assessment under standardized conditions. After an adaptation period, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse will be measured using an automated oscillometric upper-arm blood pressure monitor. Continuous RR interval data will then be recorded using the Polar H10 chest strap and analyzed with Kubios HRV software. Heart rate variability parameters will be calculated from predefined 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous recording for methodological comparison.
Artvin Coruh University, Artvin Vocational School, Disabled Care and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Artvin,
Artvin, Turkey (Türkiye)
RMSSD Across Different Analysis Durations
Root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), in milliseconds (ms), calculated from predefined 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous resting RR interval recording obtained under standardized resting conditions.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
SDNN Across Different Analysis Durations
Standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), in milliseconds (ms), calculated from predefined 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous resting RR interval recording obtained under standardized resting conditions.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Low-Frequency Power Across Different Analysis Durations
Low-frequency (LF) power, in ms\^2, calculated from predefined 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous resting RR interval recording obtained under standardized resting conditions.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
High-Frequency Power Across Different Analysis Durations
High-frequency (HF) power, in ms\^2, calculated from predefined 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous resting RR interval recording obtained under standardized resting conditions.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit.
LF/HF Ratio Across Different Analysis Durations
Low-frequency/high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio calculated from predefined 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous resting RR interval recording obtained under standardized resting conditions.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit.
Agreement of RMSSD Across Different Analysis Durations
Agreement of RMSSD values, in milliseconds (ms), obtained from 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous resting RR interval recording, assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Agreement of SDNN Across Different Analysis Durations
Agreement of SDNN values, in milliseconds (ms), obtained from 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous resting RR interval recording, assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Agreement of Low-Frequency Power Across Different Analysis Durations
Agreement of low-frequency (LF) power values, in ms\^2, obtained from 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous resting RR interval recording, assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Agreement of High-Frequency Power Across Different Analysis Durations
Agreement of high-frequency (HF) power values, in ms\^2, obtained from 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous resting RR interval recording, assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Agreement of LF/HF Ratio Across Different Analysis Durations
Agreement of low-frequency/high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio values obtained from 1-minute, 5-minute, 10-minute, and 20-minute analysis windows extracted from the same continuous resting RR interval recording, assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Correlation Between RMSSD and Resting Systolic Blood Pressure
Correlation between RMSSD, in milliseconds (ms), and resting systolic blood pressure, in mmHg, measured under standardized resting conditions during the same study visit.
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Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Correlation Between RMSSD and Resting Diastolic Blood Pressure
Correlation between RMSSD, in milliseconds (ms), and resting diastolic blood pressure, in mmHg, measured under standardized resting conditions during the same study visit.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Correlation Between RMSSD and Mean Arterial Pressure
Correlation between RMSSD, in milliseconds (ms), and mean arterial pressure, in mmHg, calculated from resting blood pressure measurements obtained during the same study visit.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Resting Systolic Blood Pressure
Resting systolic blood pressure, in mmHg, measured under standardized resting conditions before HRV recording.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Resting Diastolic Blood Pressure
Resting diastolic blood pressure, in mmHg, measured under standardized resting conditions before HRV recording.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Mean Arterial Pressure
Mean arterial pressure, in mmHg, calculated from resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements obtained under standardized resting conditions before HRV recording.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit
Resting Pulse Rate
Resting pulse rate, in beats per minute, measured under standardized resting conditions before HRV recording.
Time frame: Baseline, during a single study visit