This study investigates the effect of threshold inspiratory muscle training on diaphragm thickness and diaphragm excursion, measured using ultrasonography, in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
This quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design evaluates the effect of a 6-week structured threshold inspiratory muscle training program on diaphragm thickness and diaphragm excursion in patients with stable COPD. Conducted at the medical rehabilitation polyclinic of Rotinsulu Hospital, Bandung, this study includes patients who meet specific inclusion criteria. The intervention is performed once daily, five times per week, with progressive intensity based on maximal inspiratory pressure using a threshold device. Outcomes will be assessed using ultrasonography to measure diaphragm thickness and diaphragm excursion before and after the intervention.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
15
Threshold inspiratory muscle training performed using a threshold loading device to improve inspiratory muscle strength. Training is conducted once daily, five times per week for 6 weeks, with intensity starting at 30% and progressively increasing up to 50% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) based on patient tolerance.
A threshold loading device used to provide inspiratory resistance during inspiratory muscle training
Diaphragm Thickness (cm)
Diaphragm thickness reflects the structural characteristics of the diaphragm muscle and is measured at end-inspiration and end-expiration using ultrasonography. The values are expressed in centimeters (cm).
Time frame: Baseline to Week 6
Diaphragm Excursion (cm)
Diaphragm excursion represents the vertical movement of the diaphragm during the respiratory cycle, reflecting diaphragmatic mobility and function. Measurements are obtained using ultrasonography and expressed in centimeters (cm).
Time frame: Baseline to Week 6
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) is assessed using spirometry and measured in liters (L). It represents the total volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a full inhalation and reflects overall lung capacity.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 6
Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1)
Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) is measured using spirometry and expressed in liters (L). It represents the volume of air exhaled in the first second of a forced expiration.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 6
Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF)
Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) is measured using spirometry and expressed in liters per second (L/s). It reflects the maximum airflow achieved during forced expiration and indicates airway function.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 6
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.