This study aims to investigate the effects of daily coffee consumption on balance performance in healthy university students. Caffeine is a widely consumed psychoactive substance that may influence neuromuscular control, reaction time, and postural stability. Participants will be categorized based on their habitual caffeine intake levels, and balance performance will be assessed using standardized clinical tests. The results are expected to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between caffeine consumption and balance performance.
Caffeine is one of the most commonly consumed psychoactive substances worldwide, primarily ingested through coffee. It acts as a central nervous system stimulant and has been shown to affect alertness, reaction time, and muscular performance. These effects may also influence postural control and balance mechanisms.Balance is a complex function that depends on the integration of visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive systems. Any factor that affects these systems may alter both static and dynamic balance performance. Therefore, examining the effects of daily caffeine consumption on balance is important for both clinical practice and daily life activities.The aim of this study is to evaluate whether different levels of habitual coffee consumption have a significant effect on balance performance in healthy individuals. Participants will be grouped into low, moderate, and high caffeine consumption categories based on their daily intake.Balance performance will be evaluated using standardized assessment tools, including the Y Balance Test, Tandem Walking Test, Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test, and Single Leg Stance Test. The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the effects of caffeine on neuromuscular control and postural stability.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
32
Habitual coffee consumption is recorded using a questionnaire and participants are classified into exposure groups (low, moderate, high); no active intervention is performed.
Single Leg Stance Test
The Single Leg Stance Test will be used to evaluate static balance. Participants will be asked to stand on one leg for as long as possible without support. The duration will be recorded in seconds.
Time frame: Single assessment at baseline
Y Balance Test
The Y Balance Test will be used to evaluate dynamic balance. Participants will reach in anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions while maintaining single-leg stance. Reach distances will be measured in centimeters.ere measured in centimeters.
Time frame: Single assessment at baseline
Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test
The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test will be used to assess functional mobility and dynamic balance. Participants will be instructed to stand up from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn around, walk back, and sit down. The total time to complete the task will be recorded in seconds.
Time frame: Single assessment at baseline
Tandem Walking Test
The Tandem Walking Test will be used to assess dynamic balance. Participants will be instructed to walk in a heel-to-toe manner along a straight line. Performance will be recorded based on time and/or number of errors.
Time frame: Single assessment at baseline
Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Scale
The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Scale will be used to assess the participant's perceived level of exertion during testing. Participants will rate their effort on a scale ranging from 6 (no exertion) to 20 (maximal exertion).
Time frame: Single assessment at baseline
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