The goal of this prospective, single-center, multi-cohort clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant Iparomlimab/Tuvonralimab combined with CAPEOX, with or without propranolol, in patients with locally advanced pMMR (MSS) colon cancer. The main questions it aims to answer are: * What is the major pathological response (MPR) rate after neoadjuvant treatment and curative surgery (e.g., ≤10% viable tumor cells in the resected primary tumor)? * What are the key secondary outcomes (e.g., R0 resection rate, tumor regression grade, objective response rate, disease-free survival) and the safety/tolerability profile of these neoadjuvant regimens? If there is a comparison group: Researchers will compare Cohort A (Iparomlimab/Tuvonralimab + CAPEOX) versus Cohort B (Iparomlimab/Tuvonralimab + CAPEOX + propranolol) to see whether adding propranolol improves pathological and clinical responses while maintaining acceptable safety. Participants will: * Receive neoadjuvant Iparomlimab/Tuvonralimab + CAPEOX for a protocol-defined number of cycles, with or without propranolol depending on cohort assignment. * Undergo curative-intent surgical resection after completing neoadjuvant therapy. * Be followed for postoperative treatment, adverse events, and longer-term outcomes (e.g., recurrence and survival), and may contribute tumor/blood samples for exploratory biomarker analyses related to treatment response.
This prospective, single-center, multi-cohort study evaluates a neoadjuvant treatment strategy for patients with locally advanced pMMR/MSS colon cancer, a population known to have limited sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade alone. The study investigates whether combining dual immune checkpoint inhibition (PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade using Iparomlimab and Tuvonralimab) with standard chemotherapy (CAPEOX) can enhance treatment response. In addition, the study explores whether modulation of the tumor microenvironment through β-adrenergic blockade (propranolol) may further improve antitumor immune activity. Eligible participants will be assigned to one of two treatment cohorts: Cohort A: Neoadjuvant Iparomlimab/Tuvonralimab combined with CAPEOX Cohort B: Neoadjuvant Iparomlimab/Tuvonralimab combined with CAPEOX plus propranolol All participants will receive four cycles of neoadjuvant therapy administered every three weeks. Immunotherapy is delivered intravenously on Day 1 of each cycle, while CAPEOX is administered according to standard dosing schedules. In Cohort B, propranolol is administered orally during the chemotherapy period of each cycle. Following completion of neoadjuvant treatment, patients will undergo curative-intent surgical resection within a protocol-defined time window. Postoperative management, including adjuvant therapy, will be determined by the treating investigator according to clinical judgment and standard practice. Tumor response will be assessed during treatment and prior to surgery using radiographic imaging. Pathologic response will be evaluated on surgical specimens to determine treatment efficacy. In addition to clinical outcomes, this study includes exploratory translational research components. Tumor tissue and blood samples will be collected to investigate immune-related biomarkers and molecular features associated with treatment response. These analyses include RNA sequencing, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry-based immune profiling. The study uses a staged design with early stopping rules based on pathologic response, allowing for preliminary assessment of treatment activity before full cohort expansion.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
45
Iparomlimab/Tuvonralimab will be administered 5 mg/kg intravenously on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle.
Capecitabine 1,000 mg/m² orally twice daily on Days 1-14 of each 3-week cycle.
oxaliplatin 130 mg/m² IV on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle.
propranolol 10 mg orally three times daily (TID) will be given on Days 1-14 of each 3-week cycle
Major Pathological Response (MPR)
MPR is defined as ≤10% viable (residual) tumor cells in the primary tumor after completion of neoadjuvant systemic therapy and curative-intent surgery (pathology-based assessment).
Time frame: At surgery following completion of 4 cycles of neoadjuvant treatment (each cycle is 21 days); surgery is planned within 6 weeks after the last dose of neoadjuvant therapy.
R0 Resection Rate
Proportion of participants achieving complete tumor resection with microscopically negative margins (no residual tumor at the resection margin) (R0).
Time frame: At surgery / postoperative pathology assessment (resection margin evaluation).
Tumor Regression Grade (TRG)
Pathologic tumor regression graded per NCCN TRG criteria (TRG0-TRG3) based on residual tumor and fibrosis patterns in the resected specimen.
Time frame: At surgery / on the resection specimen (postoperative pathology).
Objective Response Rate (ORR)
Proportion of participants achieving complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) based on tumor size reduction meeting predefined criteria (RECIST v1.1). Responses (CR/PR) require confirmation by repeat imaging ≥4 weeks later.
Time frame: Up to approximately 12 weeks from treatment initiation (corresponding to 4 cycles of neoadjuvant therapy, each cycle is 21 days), assessed at pre-surgery evaluation.
3-year Disease-Free Survival (3y DFS)
Proportion of participants who are alive without recurrence or metastasis within 3 years after surgery.
Time frame: Up to 3 years postoperatively.
Safety (Neoadjuvant, Perioperative, and Follow-up Periods)
Safety and tolerability assessed across study periods, including incidence of AEs/SAEs and treatment discontinuation due to AE/SAE.
Time frame: From the start of treatment up to 90 days after the last dose of study treatment (each cycle is 21 days).
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