This study aims to investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) with different training volumes on immune modulation and anti-inflammatory responses in older adults. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three RT volume groups (low, medium, or high) or a non-exercise control group. Participants in the training groups will complete a 4-week RT program, followed by a 4-week detraining phase. The findings are expected to provide evidence for volume-specific RT prescriptions to support healthy aging.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
60
The RT program will consist of 12 sessions over a 4-week period, with participants training three times per week and at least one rest day between sessions. All sessions will be supervised by research personnel to ensure proper technique and safety. Exercises will be performed using resistance machines and will include chest press, shoulder press, seated row, lat pulldown, and leg press.
National Taiwan Normal University
Taipei, Taiwan
RECRUITINGChanges in IL-6 concentration
Plasma IL-6 concentrations will be measured and reported in pg/mL.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in soluble IL-6 receptor concentration
Soluble IL-6 receptor concentrations will be measured and reported in ng/mL.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in soluble gp130 concentration
Soluble gp130 concentrations will be measured and reported in ng/mL.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in IL-10 concentration
IL-10 concentrations will be measured and reported in pg/mL.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in IL-1RA concentration
IL-1RA concentrations will be measured and reported in pg/mL.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in TNF-α concentration
TNF-α concentrations will be measured and reported in pg/mL.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Borgs Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
Borgs RPE is a method of estimating exertion rating, based on a 1 to 10 rating scale (1 being the no exertion at all, 10 being maximal exertion).
Time frame: 1-hour during each exercise intervention
Handgrip strength
Maximal handgrip strength will be assessed using a digital hand dynamometer and reported in kilograms.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Knee extension strength
Maximal voluntary isometric and isokinetic concentric knee extension strength of the dominant leg will be assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer and reported in Newton-meters.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
30-second chair-stand test
Lower-body functional capacity will be assessed by the number of repetitions completed during a 30-second chair-stand test.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Single-leg balance test
Balance performance will be assessed as the duration of single-leg stance and reported in seconds.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Timed up and go test
Functional mobility will be assessed using the Timed Up and Go test, with performance quantified as the time (seconds) required to stand up from a seated position, walk 3 meters, turn, walk back, and sit down.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in SHIP1 protein expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)
Intracellular SHIP1 protein expression in PBMCs will be measured and reported in arbitrary units.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in gp130 (CD130) protein expression in PBMCs
Intracellular gp130 (CD130) protein expression in PBMCs will be measured and reported in arbitrary units.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in STAT3 protein expression in PBMCs
Intracellular STAT3 protein expression in PBMCs will be measured and reported in arbitrary units.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in phosphorylated STAT3 protein expression in PBMCs
Intracellular phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) protein expression in PBMCs will be measured and reported in arbitrary units.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in IL-6 receptor alpha (CD126) protein expression in PBMCs
Intracellular IL-6 receptor alpha (CD126) protein expression in PBMCs will be measured and reported in arbitrary units.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) protein expression in PBMCs
Intracellular β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) protein expression in PBMCs will be measured and reported in arbitrary units.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in SOCS3 protein expression in PBMCs
Intracellular SOCS3 protein expression in PBMCs will be measured and reported in arbitrary units.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in white blood cell count
Total white blood cell count will be measured and reported in cells/μL.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in lymphocyte count
Lymphocyte count will be measured and reported in cells/μL.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in neutrophil count
Neutrophil count will be measured and reported in cells/μL.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Changes in monocyte count
Monocyte count will be measured and reported in cells/μL.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Body fat percentage
Body fat percentage will be measured using a body composition analyzer and reported as a percentage.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
Lean body mass
Total lean body mass will be measured using a body composition analyzer and reported in kilograms.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (4 weeks), and at 2 and 4 weeks during detraining
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