Free Gingival Graft Patients' Treatment Perception and Experience

Overview

Free gingival graft (FGG) is a common and effective periodontal procedure used to improve gum health; however, it can involve challenges such as postoperative pain and discomfort due to the requirement of a secondary donor site. While clinical outcomes are well-documented, long-term patient perceptions and overall satisfaction levels have not been sufficiently explored. The purpose of this retrospective study is to systematically evaluate patient experiences, satisfaction levels, and the willingness to undergo the procedure again in individuals who underwent FGG surgery at least one year ago.

Background and Rationale: Free gingival graft (FGG) is a widely preferred mucogingival procedure in periodontal plastic surgery, aimed at increasing keratinized tissue width and improving gingival morphology. While FGG is highly effective for indications such as preventing gingival recession and enhancing oral hygiene maintenance, it requires a secondary surgical site (donor area), which can lead to postoperative pain, tissue morbidity, and reduced patient comfort. Current literature often focuses on short-term clinical outcomes, leaving long-term patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and perceptions insufficiently explored. Objectives:The primary objective of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the postoperative experiences, satisfaction levels, and overall surgical perceptions of individuals who underwent FGG surgery. Specifically, the study aims to investigate the willingness of patients to undergo the procedure again, should it be necessary in the future. Methodology: This is a retrospective, non-interventional, observational, and cross-sectional study conducted at Istanbul Aydin University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology. The study population includes patients who underwent FGG surgery between January 2014 and May 2024, with at least one year having passed since the operation.Data collection involves two stages: 1. Archive Review: Patient demographics, smoking status, systemic health, and surgical details (e.g., complications, donor site technique) are retrieved from institutional records. 2. Telephone Survey: A semi-structured survey is administered via telephone to assess patient-reported outcomes, including pain levels, satisfaction, analgesic requirements, and aesthetic perceptions.