Anemia is a global public health concern and is closely linked to dysfunction of brain cognitive neural networks, a key mechanism underlying cognitive impairment. Such deficits-including declines in memory, learning, processing speed, and executive function-reduce daily living abilities and increase risks of falls and depression. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) enables real-time monitoring of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin fluctuations, reflecting brain network function. This study aims to identify affected neural network regions in anemic patients and visualize connectivity changes using heatmaps and arc-based mapping. The findings will support early detection of cognitive impairment and guide precise clinical interventions, ultimately informing individualized treatment strategies to enhance therapeutic outcomes and quality of life.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
323
Regenerative Medicine Center
Tianjin, Tianjin Municipality, China
RECRUITINGConcentration changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and de-oxygenated hemoglobin (HbR)
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive brain imaging modality, that can be used to measure HbO and HbR concentrations.
Time frame: Patients will be assessed within 48 hours of admission.
Cognitive Function Assessment
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is used to assess cognitive function in patients, with higher total scores indicating better cognitive function. The total score range is 0 to 30.
Time frame: Patients will be assessed within 48 hours of admission.
Anxiety symptoms
Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA) is used to examine anxiety in AIHA patients, with higher total scores indicate more severe anxiety symptoms. The total score range is 0-56.
Time frame: Patients will be assessed within 48 hours of admission.
Depression symptoms
Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) is used to examine depression in AIHA patients, with higher total scores indicate more severe depression symptoms. The total score range is 0-52.
Time frame: Patients will be assessed within 48 hours of admission.
Sleep quality
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality, with a higher global score indicating poorer sleep quality. The global score range is 0-21.
Time frame: Patients will be assessed within 48 hours of admission.
Physical fatigue
It measured by the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) Scale. The total possible score is 0-52 points, with higher scores indicating less fatigue.
Time frame: Patients will be assessed within 48 hours of admission.
Appetite condition
Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) is used to assess appetite in patients, with higher total scores indicating better appetite. The total score range is 4 to 20.
Time frame: Patients will be assessed within 48 hours of admission.
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